If you are shopping for a new camera, the hype of the moment is the mirrorless camera. But what is a mirrorless camera? And why should you buy one?
This article will discuss six things you should know about mirrorless cameras. Have a read and then decide if mirrorless is the way to go.
So what is a mirrorless camera? As the name suggests, mirrorless cameras have no mirror. This is unlike digital single reflex cameras, better known as DSLRs.
The mirror has been used since the 1950s. So why change it? There are at least three good reasons to remove the mirror:
An electronic viewfinder (EVF) replaces the mirror system. This is a small, high-resolution LCD screen.
The image below shows an old Olympus OM-1 35mm film camera and a modern Olympus OM-D EM-5 Mark II.
A small disclaimer… I am a long-time mirrorless camera photographer and enthusiast. But if you are going down the mirrorless camera road, you should know that it’s not all roses.
The mirror (with all the other related parts) is not there anymore. This makes the camera body smaller and lighter than DSLR bodies. This is particularly good for professional-grade gear.
But what about today’s mirrorless cameras?
Olympus is still working with the MFT format. But what about competitors like Fujifilm, Sony, Pentax, Nikon, and Canon? They use APS-C and full frame sensors instead.
But the size of a full frame sensor should not change the size of the camera body significantly, right? True, but these cameras are ILC cameras. This stands for “interchangeable-lens cameras.”
The size of a lens determines how much of the sensor is illuminated. This means it affects the size of the image the lens projects on the sensor.
Very compact and lightweight interchangeable lenses can illuminate MFT sensors. But full frame sensors need lenses as big as those used by full frame DSLR cameras.
And there’s another drawback. The camera body is nice and small. But this means that the camera lens system is unbalanced on the lens side. This is tiring and annoying when photographing handheld with big lenses.
If you need an adapter, things get even worst. The heavy lens is pushed further in front of the camera body. This will make an already unbalanced system worse.
This also reduces the portability of a full frame mirrorless system. But to make things more ergonomic, the bodies are often not as small as they could be. There are even dedicated accessories to make the body larger and easier to hold.
Below is a comparison between the Olympus OM-D EM-5 Mark II and the EPL-2. You can see them with and without the accessory power grip for the OM-D.
Removable battery grips are an interesting solution. It lets the camera stay small when paired with small, lightweight lenses. And it improves ergonomics when using heavy and long lenses.
As you see, the argument about size and weight is not particularly good. That’s especially true if you care about portability.
If this is your case, try a high-end bridge camera like the Sony Cyber-shot RX10 IV and add a fast superzoom lens if needed. This may be a better solution than a full frame mirrorless camera.
Mirrorless cameras have a much stronger advantage over DSLRs. They are“what you see is what you get” cameras. And this will help you improve as a photographer faster.
But how? They always use the electronic viewfinder (or Live View) to show you what the mirrorless digital camera sees. Plus, you see the effects of changing camera settings (shutter speed, aperture, ISO) immediately.
The video below shows the effects of changing the shutter speed in real time.
This will help you understand the exposure triangle. It will also make it easier to work in manual mode, particularly for photography beginners.
Another benefit is it will help you to manually focus in the dark. This is especially true if you are trying astrophotography, nighttime, or interior photography.
Overexpose the image to brighten the scene enough that it will be easy to focus. Then return to the proper settings and take the photo.
If you have an optical viewfinder, light can enter your camera from it. In the photo below, the image you see on the mirror comes from what the viewfinder sees.
Light leakage from the viewfinder is not usually a problem. But if you’re doing long exposures, you should cover it. Light can creep into the camera body and ruin your image.
If you look at the strap that came with your camera, you will find a small black piece of soft rubber. Camera manufacturers put that on the strap to close the viewfinder during long exposures.
Since mirrorless cameras have no optical viewfinder, you don’t have to do this. And you can’t do anything even under harsh midday sun (and I do infrared photography with a mirrorless…).
Mirrorless cameras drain their batteries faster than DSLRs. Even if the rear LCD is off, it uses energy to power the electronic viewfinder.
On average, the battery life for entry-level mirrorless cameras is about 300 shots. The high-end Sony a7 III reaches an astonishing 700 shots.
Entry-level DSLRs also allow you to take around 400 shots with a fully charged battery. And you can take up to 1000 shots with pro models like the Canon 80D.
People seem to make a big deal out of that. To me, this is a false problem.
How many of us shoot more than 300 images without the possibility of replacing the battery with a spare one? Do we need to shoot 900 photos with a single battery?
Also, battery grips are available for many high-end mirrorless cameras. These allow you to use two batteries at the same time.
I shoot astrophotography with my Olympus OM-D EM-5 Mark II. Even when taking over 200 images of the starry sky, I never run out of battery. And that’s without a power grip.
That may be true, at least for MFT mirrorless cameras. But third-party lenses are less common than in the DSLR world. There are only some from Sigma, Tamron, and Samyang/Rokinon.
Lens adaptors are usually available to adapt lenses with a different lens mount. You can pair mirrorless cameras from Canon and Nikon with existing DSLR lenses.
There may also be fewer flash and remote shutter products than those available for DSLRs. But again, this is something of a false problem.
Makers of camera accessories follow the market. And the mirrorless market is growing by the minute. They have started building dedicated accessories and lenses.
The most common argument against mirrorless cameras is “Professional photographers only use DSLRs.”
That’s not true. Many world-renowned photographers have switched to mirrorless.
One of the first to do so was travel photographer Trey Ratcliff. Other notable photographers include Andy Mumford and Phil Norton.
There are many professional-grade lenses for mirrorless cameras. So image quality is not an issue.
There are two very practical reasons why most pros are still using DSLR cameras:
We hope we’ve answered the question, “What is a mirrorless camera?”
If you are in the market for a new camera and you are interested in going mirrorless, here is what you should know:
For more great information, check out our great guide to the different types of digital cameras.
