Wildlife photography is one of the most demanding disciplines in all of photography. It requires specialist skills and equipment. You might need to travel to exotic or dangerous locations. Wildlife photo shoots also take patience and dedication.
But wildlife photography is also one of the most rewarding types of photography. Whether it’s a magnificent beast or a creeping critter, there’s nothing like the magic of seeing an animal in the wild. And it’s not only a joyous experience for the photographer. All of their viewers get to see beautiful wildlife in a way that’s otherwise impossible for most people.
This article explores every aspect of wildlife photography, serving as a complete guide to the genre. We look at the best camera settings with tips for improving action shots. We also look at the best camera gear for shooting wildlife. And we have tons of inspiration from some of the best wildlife photographers in the industry.
What Is Wildlife Photography?
Wildlife photography is the art of capturing images of animals in their natural habitat. A wildlife photographer’s job is to take stunning images of wild animals, allowing viewers to see the beauty of these animals.
Whether in the African plains or the Arctic tundra, wildlife photographers give us a glimpse of creatures we might not otherwise see. They allow us to see up-close images of exotic animals without leaving the comfort of our own homes.
A wildlife photographer shoots wild animals in a natural way—there’s no posing or choreography.
Photographers should have as minimal an impact on the animals as possible. This is because most wild animals will disappear when startled by humans. And secondly, because the point is to capture animals in a natural state of being.
Captive animals don’t hold the same sense of mystery and wonder. We also get a higher educational value from photographing animals in the wild and observing their natural behaviors and habits.
How to Shoot Wildlife Photography
Now, we’ll get started with the do’s and don’ts of wildlife photography, providing tips and ideas to help you master the art. Each section gives you insight into capturing stunning wildlife pictures, whether that’s composition techniques or camera settings.
Remember that each section in this article has a link to an in-depth post on that specific subject. Simply click the link to find out more.
Animal Photography Tips
Wildlife photography isn’t easy for beginners. That’s why we’ve come up with some simple yet helpful tips that ensure you hit the ground running.
When shooting animals, get down low for a more intimate perspective. Shooting at the animal’s eye level helps you connect with your subject. Focus on the eyes to draw in the viewer. If the eyes are blurry, the photo won’t have the same impact.
Use a long lens to isolate your subject and blur the background, making the animal stand out. You can also use wide angles to show an animal in its environment. Be patient and wait for interesting moments, like when an animal is preening, eating, or interacting with others. The best shots come to those who wait.
Wildlife photography is challenging but rewarding. And with practice and patience, you can capture amazing animal photos in the wild or in your own backyard.
Wildlife Composition
Getting a good picture of a wild animal can be difficult enough. But to get a great photo, you need to consider your composition. You might be worried that this is one extra thing to think about, but thinking about composition before you go out into the field will help you get the best shots.
Use a telephoto lens to get close-up shots of animals without scaring them. Keeping a safe distance helps you capture more naturalistic shots, allowing the animal to go about its business without having a camera in its face. It’s also safer for the photographer.
Using telephoto lenses also allows you to shoot portrait-style compositions. Capturing the animal’s eyes in focus helps the viewer connect with your photos. It draws them in and builds an emotional connection.
Look for interesting action shots like animals eating or playing. A bit of motion blur in the wings or feet can add a sense of movement.
Scan the background for distractions like manmade objects to create a cleaner composition. This will help your animal subjects stand out from their environment. Use manual focus if branches or other objects in the foreground confuse the autofocus.
Photograph in the soft, even light of early morning or late afternoon near golden hour. This is also when wildlife tends to be most active.
Practice your skills on local wildlife before traveling to photograph exotic animals. It’s worth experimenting with small animals like squirrels in your own garden. You’ll be able to hone your camera skills and try out different composition styles on real wild animals.
Capturing amazing wildlife photos takes time and practice, but the results are worth it when you get it right. To learn more, read our in-depth article on wildlife photography composition.
Improve Action Shots
Capturing wildlife in action requires the right camera settings. It’s best to use a fast shutter speed of at least 1/500 s to freeze the animal’s movements. And using a wide aperture like f/2.8 to f/5.6 will allow more light in and create a blurry background that isolates the subject.
You may need to increase the ISO to compensate for the lack of light due to the fast shutter speed. But modern cameras can shoot at reasonably high ISO settings without producing much digital noise.
Using Burst mode to take a series of shots is the best way to capture fast-moving animals. You can take a series of shots, then you simply select the best ones from the bunch.
If your lens has image stabilization, use it to reduce camera shake and improve clarity. You can also use Continuous AF mode to keep the focus on moving animals.
By choosing the right settings, you’ll be able to capture stunning wildlife action shots. Check out this in-depth guide to learn more about wildlife action photography.
Safari Photography Tips
If you’re heading out on a wildlife photography safari, we have some tips to help you get the best results. Preparation is key with a trip like this, and these tips will help you get set up for a successful adventure.
Do your best to avoid changing lenses in dusty conditions. Dust can be a real problem in dry environments. Not only can it affect picture quality, but it can also cause permanent damage to your camera’s sensor.
The best light is during the first and last hours of the day, so get up early or stay out late for the best photo opportunities. Heat can also be a problem during midday hours, which is why many animals are more active in the morning or evening.
Look for unique compositions rather than going for shots you’ve seen before. The more common shots are usually easier to capture, but push yourself and capture something truly original. Finding your own photographic style will make the images more meaningful.
Safari photography is challenging but incredibly rewarding. By being prepared and seizing opportunities, you can create beautiful photos and lasting memories of your adventure. To learn more tips and techniques, read our guide to safari photography.
Zoo Photography Techniques
Zoo photography is a great way to practice photographing animals in a controlled environment. It can be a stepping stone into wildlife photography, but it’s also an exciting genre on its own. To take stunning zoo photos, choose a perspective that includes a natural-looking background.
Plan your shoot around the best lighting conditions and the zoo’s schedule to capture the animals when they’re most active. Be patient and flexible, as you have no control over the animals.
Focusing on their eyes creates lively images and tells a visual story that adds emotion to your photos.
With practice, you can become a master of zoo photography. Check out our article on zoo photography to improve your skills.
Low-Key and High-Key Wildlife Shots
High-key wildlife photography involves making your photos as bright and airy as possible. This technique works best when the natural light is flat and bright, such as on overcast days or in snowy backdrops. By blowing out the background to white or bright grey, you can create a studio-like effect that draws attention to your subject.
To achieve high-key images, use controlled overexposure. Bring everything else in your frame into a perfect or slightly bright exposure while completely blowing out the sky or background. The exact camera settings will vary based on the conditions and your desired outcome. Experimenting with aperture or shutter priority and exposure compensation is key.
Unsurprisingly, low-key photography is the opposite of high-key photography. You’re looking for more muted colors and an overall darker tone. Dusk is the perfect time to capture low-key images. You’ll still have enough light to expose your photos, but colors will be darker and the mood more subdued.
High-key photography allows you to cope with challenging lighting and create unique images. Check out our article to learn more about high-key and low-key wildlife photography.
Capture Marine Life
Underwater photography can be a thrilling way to capture stunning marine life images. To get started, you’ll need a camera capable of shooting underwater or an underwater housing for the camera you already own.
Patience is key when shooting marine life, as rushing may cause you to miss amazing shots. You also need to stay calm and move slowly underwater to allow the marine life to become accustomed to your presence.
Safety should always be a top priority during underwater photo shoots. Work with a designated spotter or safety diver and avoid taking unnecessary risks. Check with locals about potential dangers in new locations. Remember to be mindful of the underwater world and avoid disturbing wildlife or coral.
Using a wide-angle lens can help you capture wider underwater environments. But keep in mind the closer you are to your subject, the clearer your images will be. That’s because shooting underwater reduces sharpness and color.
With practice and preparation, you can create breathtaking images that showcase the beauty of marine life. To dive deeper into marine life photography, explore our comprehensive guide.
Whale Photography
Despite their enormous size, whales are notoriously hard to photograph. To capture these gentle giants, you’ll need a good camera and a lens with a long focal length and fast autofocus.
Bring a range of lenses, such as a 24-70mm and a 100-400mm, to handle unpredictable situations. Keep the shutter speed at 1/400 s or faster and set a wide aperture to keep a deep depth of field.
Pack spare batteries, extra memory cards, and a rain cover for smaller boats. With practice (and some luck!), you’ll get that awesome shot of a whale’s tail or water spraying from a blowhole. To learn more about whale photography, check out our in-depth guide.
How to Shoot Bird Photography
Bird photography is one niche within the wider genre of wildlife photography. There is a great deal of overlap between wildlife and bird photography, but photographing birds deserves a closer look. The skill set is slightly different, and it’s worth investing in some specialist equipment if you’re a keen birder.
It doesn’t matter if you’re snapping toucans in the jungle or sparrows in the garden, these articles will give you the helping hand you need to capture birds on camera.
Bird Photography Basics
Bird photography can be challenging, but with the right knowledge and techniques, you can capture stunning images of our feathered friends.
One of the most important things to understand is bird behavior. Spend time observing birds in their natural habitat to learn their patterns and predict their movements.
When it comes to gear, a long lens is essential for getting close-up shots without disturbing the birds. Look for lenses with fast apertures to help isolate your subject from the background. A sturdy tripod is also helpful for keeping your camera steady when using heavy lenses.
Try to capture portraits with the bird’s eye in sharp focus and the background blurred. For images that tell a story, show birds within their environment using a wider composition. And don’t forget about the excitement of birds in flight!
Use a fast shutter speed to freeze the action or experiment with slower speeds for artistic blurs. Adjust your camera settings to find out what works best for you and your subjects.
To dive deeper into bird photography, check out our comprehensive guide.
Camera Settings
When photographing birds, using the right camera settings is key to capturing stunning images. Start with a “home base” of settings like Aperture Priority mode set to f/5.6 and continuous autofocus. Adjust these based on the lighting conditions and your desired results.
For bird portraits, use a long lens (300-600mm) with a wide aperture (f/2.8-5.6) to blur the background and make the bird stand out. Focus on the eyes for a sharp, engaging image. When capturing birds in the context of their environment, use a shorter focal length (85-300mm) and a deeper depth of field (f/8-11) to show more of the surroundings.
Use Continuous AF mode and a fast shutter speed (1/1000 s or faster) to freeze the action. For creative blurs, try a slower shutter speed around 1/100 s in Shutter Priority mode.
Experiment with different settings to find what works best for you. If you’d like to learn more about camera settings for bird photography, our article will tell you everything you need to know.
Shutter Speed for Birds in Flight
Choosing the right shutter speed is key to capturing sharp photos of birds in flight. A shutter speed of at least 1/1000th of a second is recommended for a clear shot. But you can use slower shutter speeds to create a panning effect.
Set your camera to autofocus mode and activate continuous AF to track the moving bird. Use all AF points at the same time for the best results. An aperture of around f/8 will give you enough light in the daytime and a deep depth of field.
A telephoto lens with a focal length of at least 200mm is ideal for getting close-up shots from a distance. The golden hours around sunrise and sunset provide the best lighting conditions. But remember to position yourself with the sun at your back and the bird flying towards you for front lighting.
Mastering camera settings is the first step towards taking breathtaking images of birds in flight. To learn more about choosing the right shutter speed for birds in flight, check out our in-depth guide.
How to Use a Hide
Birds have incredible eyesight, which can be a problem for bird photographers. Birds can see for miles, and once they’ve spotted a human, they fly away, taking any hopes of snapping an image with them.
That’s why it’s important to use a wildlife hide when taking pictures of birds. Camouflage hides keep you hidden and allow you to capture bird shots from much closer than is otherwise possible.
Wearing camouflage clothing is another important part of staying hidden. If you wear bright-colored clothes, you’ll be spotted in no time, and the animals will be gone before you’ve even seen them.
Some nature reserves have hides and viewing stations anyone can use. But you can buy ready-made wildlife hides you can take anywhere with you, allowing you to venture further into the bush. They’re lightweight, collapsible, and affordable. You can also make your own temporary hide out of shrubs, branches, and other natural features in the environment.
Find out more about using wildlife hides for bird photography in our full article.
Eagle Photography
Eagle photography can be a thrilling experience. But to capture great shots of these majestic birds, you need the right equipment and techniques.
A long lens between 400-600mm is ideal, but having a second camera with a wider zoom like a 70-200mm can also be useful in some situations.
Exposure can be tricky with eagles, especially for species like the Bald Eagle, which has dark brown bodies and bright white heads. One solution is to underexpose the bird’s body by about a stop to avoid blowing out the white areas, though you will lose detail. Spot metering on the eagle’s head can help you nail the exposure.
When photographing eagles in flight, use a fast shutter speed of at least 1/1250th of a second to freeze the action. Focus on the bird’s eye and experiment with different compositions, leaving lead room for the eagle to fly into.
Eagle photography requires patience, skill, and knowledge of the bird’s behavior, but the results can be stunning.
Hummingbird Photography
Hummingbirds are tiny, fast-moving birds that can be challenging to photograph. To capture stunning images of these beautiful creatures, you’ll need to know where to find them and how to attract them. Hummingbirds are most active around dawn and dusk, and they’re often found near flowers or feeders filled with a mixture of water and sugar.
When photographing hummingbirds, a camera with fast autofocus and a high frame rate is essential. Using a fast shutter speed of at least 1/2500 and a high ISO will help freeze the motion of their rapidly beating wings.
A telephoto or super-telephoto lens with a wide maximum aperture will help you get close-up shots while letting in plenty of light. Stabilizing your camera with a sturdy tripod is also important when using these long lenses.
In post-processing, you can bring out the colors and details of your hummingbird photos. It’s a good idea to shoot RAW to give you the most image data to make adjustments to shadows, sharpness, and saturation.
For more in-depth information on hummingbird photography, be sure to check out our comprehensive guide.
Owl Photography
To capture stunning owl photos, it’s important to know the different species and their behaviors. Be prepared to work outdoors in various environments, from dense forests to Arctic tundras.
When photographing owls, ensure they are relaxed and comfortable with your presence. Learn to recognize signs of stress, such as wide eyes, frequent blinking, or a concealment pose. Always give the owl enough space—typically between 20 and 100 yards—depending on their tolerance.
Avoid baiting the owls or using artificial light at night, as it can disturb their natural behavior. Move slowly, be silent, and respect private property when shooting at dusk or night.
If you’re interested in learning more about owl photography, our full article will help you capture breathtaking images of these majestic birds.
Wildlife Safety Tips
When photographing wildlife, safety should be your top priority. Always let someone know where you’re going and when you plan to return. Check the weather forecast and carry basic survival tools like a compass, map, water purification tablets, and a first aid kit.
Be prepared for unexpected animal encounters by researching the wildlife in the area. Dress appropriately for the climate with layered clothing, proper footwear, and sun or insect protection. You should also avoid noisy clothing that may alert animals to your presence.
Respect wildlife by giving them the space they need. Use long lenses or hides to get close without disturbing them. This is important for your safety and theirs.
Along with your own safety, you’ll want to protect your equipment from the elements with rain covers, weather-sealed gear, and UV filters. Allow your camera to acclimate to temperature changes to prevent condensation.
By following these wildlife safety tips, you can capture stunning images while ensuring the well-being of both yourself and the animals you photograph.
Wildlife Photography Ethics
When photographing wildlife, it’s important to remember that you are a guest in their habitat. As a photographer, you have an ethical responsibility to avoid disturbing or endangering the animals you photograph.
Put the animal’s welfare first and don’t cause harm. That’s the most important part of ethical wildlife photography.
Learn about the wildlife you plan to photograph. This knowledge will help you find them as well as avoid becoming a harmful intruder. Follow the local rules and regulations, and be part of the solution by advocating for conservation issues.
Watch for signs of distress in your subjects, such as aggressive behavior or agitation. If you see this, back off and give them some space.
Be aware of how your actions appear to non-photographers and politely speak up if you see others acting irresponsibly.
If you’d like to learn more about wildlife photography ethics, our full article is a great resource.
Choosing the Best Wildlife Gear
When choosing wildlife photography gear, look for a camera that can focus quickly and shoot at least 10 frames per second in Burst mode. Low-light performance is also important since most wildlife is active at dusk and dawn.
Telephoto lenses are essential for getting close-up shots from a distance. Popular focal lengths are 70-200mm and 100-400mm, with a minimum of 100mm. Lenses with fast apertures like f/2.8 or f/4 perform well in low light but tend to be more expensive.
Tripods or monopods help stabilize heavy telephoto lenses. Carbon fiber models are sturdy yet lightweight. A gimbal head allows more flexibility than a standard ball head.
But choosing the right gear isn’t only about your camera. It’s also about you! Comfortable clothing, rain covers, and a headlamp are also important for long days in the field.
To learn more about wildlife photography gear, check out our in-depth guide.
Cameras for Wildlife Photography
Before you head out into the wild, you need a camera that’s up to the job. It doesn’t have to be the most high-tech camera on the market, but you need one capable of snapping animals in their natural environments.
The Sony a9 II is our top pick thanks to its impressive 20 fps continuous shooting, lightning-fast autofocus, and 5-axis in-body image stabilization. It also has comfortable ergonomics and great file transfer speeds.
For those on a budget, the Pentax K-70 offers excellent low-light performance with a wide ISO range, built-in image stabilization, and a durable, weather-sealed body. The high-quality pentaprism viewfinder is another standout feature.
The Panasonic Lumix DC-G9 II is the best Micro Four Thirds option. It has a High-Res Shot mode for detailed images, 4K/60p video, and a rugged design. The custom buttons, top LCD screen, and Wi-Fi and Bluetooth connectivity add to its appeal.
To learn more about the best camera for wildlife photography, check out our in-depth guide.
Underwater Cameras
The best underwater cameras are compact, easy to use, and, of course, waterproof. Our top pick is the Olympus Tough TG-6 for its rugged design and excellent image and video quality. It’s waterproof down to 49 ft (15 m), shockproof, and crushproof.
The GoPro Hero11 Black is another great option, especially for capturing underwater video. It shoots 5.3K video and 27 MP photos and is waterproof to 33 ft (10 m). The HyperSmooth 5.0 stabilization ensures smooth footage.
For serious divers, the SeaLife Micro 3.0 is a top choice. It’s waterproof to an impressive 200 ft (60 m) and has underwater color correction and manual white balance settings. This compact camera captures 16 MP stills and 4K video.
The right underwater camera is essential for capturing the beauty beneath the waves. With the right camera, you can document your underwater adventures and the amazing marine life you encounter.
Lenses for Wildlife Photography
Finding the right lens is half the battle when it comes to wildlife photography. In most instances, a 50mm prime isn’t going to get you amazing wildlife photos. You won’t be able to get close enough to the animals to actually take a picture.
That’s why telephoto lenses are essential for serious wildlife photographers. They give you the magnification you need to get close-up shots without getting too close to the animals. This means you don’t scare the animals off or put yourself in danger.
Let’s take a close look at wildlife photography lenses so you can find exactly what you need for your next wildlife expedition.
Telephoto Lenses Explained
A telephoto lens has a long focal length that makes distant objects appear closer. They are great for shooting subjects you can’t get close to, like wildlife or sports. Telephoto lenses also create a shallow depth of field, which blurs the background and makes the subject stand out.
Telephoto lenses come in different focal lengths. Short telephotos (85-135mm) are good for portraits and events. Medium telephotos (135-300mm) offer more reach at an affordable price. Super-telephotos (over 300mm) are used by pros for sports, wildlife, and astrophotography.
Using a telephoto lens on a crop sensor camera makes the subject appear even closer. This is because the smaller sensor crops the image, effectively increasing the focal length. If you want to learn more about telephoto lenses, check out our in-depth guide.
Telephoto Lenses for Wildlife
The best lenses for wildlife photography offer powerful magnification. They allow you to capture animals in their natural habitat without getting too close.
A large focal length range is important. Telephoto lenses between 400 and 600mm are popular for wildlife photography. They give you the reach to photograph distant animals. Zoom lenses are also very useful. They let you quickly adjust the composition without changing lenses.
Look for lenses with fast autofocus and image stabilization. These features help you capture sharp photos of moving animals. The Sigma 150-600mm f/5-6.3 DG OS HSM is a great option. It has a huge zoom range and is one of the best lenses for wildlife photography.
Canon Lenses
When choosing the best Canon lenses for wildlife photography, consider focal length, aperture, and image stabilization. Our top pick is the Canon RF 600mm f/11 IS STM. It’s lightweight and has 5-stop image stabilization for sharp shots.
The Canon RF 600mm f/4L IS USM is a pro-level option with a bright f/4 aperture and weather sealing. For extreme reach, the Canon RF 800mm f/5.6L IS USM delivers exceptional clarity and fast autofocus.
Budget-conscious photographers may like the Tokina SZ Pro 300mm f/7.1 Reflex MF CF. It’s affordable and compact, but it lacks autofocus. But whatever your needs, there are lots of Canon lenses available for capturing stunning animal images.
Budget Canon Lenses
Finding a budget Canon telephoto lens might sound difficult, but there are some great options available. The Canon RF-S 55-210mm f/5-7.1 IS STM is a top pick for Canon’s entry-level APS-C mirrorless cameras. It offers an impressive zoom range, near-silent STM autofocus, and up to 4.5 stops of image stabilization in a compact, lightweight design.
The Canon EF 70-300mm f/4-5.6 IS II USM is an excellent choice For Canon EF-mount cameras. This lens delivers superb image quality, fast and accurate autofocus, and built-in image stabilization at a reasonable price point.
If you’re looking for an affordable way to capture distant subjects, consider the Tokina AT-X AF SD 400mm f/5.6 for Canon EF. This compact and lightweight lens offers impressive build quality and value for a super-telephoto focal length. To learn more about budget Canon telephoto lenses, check out our in-depth article.
Nikon Lenses
Nikon offers a wide range of lenses perfect for wildlife photography. The Nikon Z 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6 VR S is our top pick, delivering sharp images and effective stabilization in a lightweight design. Its broad zoom range provides the versatility needed to capture animals both near and far.
For those using Nikon DSLRs, the AF-S 200-500mm f/5.6E ED VR is a popular choice. This lens maintains a constant f/5.6 aperture throughout its zoom range, allowing for consistent exposure. The ED glass elements minimize chromatic aberration, ensuring clear and detailed images.
Both lenses feature weather sealing, making them suitable for outdoor use in various conditions. They also have fast, quiet autofocus systems that help you quickly lock onto your subject without startling them.
Nikon lenses for wildlife photography provide the reach, image quality, and durability needed to capture stunning shots of animals in their natural habitats.
Sony Lenses
Sony offers a range of lenses perfect for wildlife photography. The Sony FE 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6 GM OSS is a great choice, with its versatile zoom range and effective image stabilization. It delivers sharp images across the focal range and has a durable, weather-sealed build for outdoor use.
For APS-C shooters, the Sony E 70-350mm f/4.5-6.3 G OSS is ideal. This lightweight lens has a versatile zoom range, fast autofocus, and built-in stabilization for capturing sharp wildlife images.
The Sony FE 200-600mm f/5.6-6.3 G OSS is the best super-telephoto zoom, with its long focal range for distant subjects. It offers sharp imagery, fast autofocus, and effective stabilization in a durable design.
Sony lenses for wildlife photography help you capture stunning animal images in various outdoor conditions.
Super-Telephoto Lenses
Super-telephoto lenses are a must-have for wildlife photographers. They allow you to capture close-up shots of animals from a distance.
The Tamron SP 150-600mm f/5-6.3 Di VC USD G2 is a great option that performs well at an affordable price. This lens has a wide zoom range, making it versatile for different styles of photography. It also produces sharp, contrast-heavy images.
The Sigma 500mm f/4 DG OS HSM is another top choice, especially if you prefer prime lenses. It offers superfast autofocus and a wide maximum aperture.
When choosing a super-telephoto lens, consider the focal length, max aperture, image quality, and autofocus speed.
Super-telephoto lenses can be expensive, so you may need to compromise on certain features to find one that fits your budget.
150-600mm Lenses
The best 150-600mm lenses offer incredible magnification and versatility. They deliver sharp images throughout the zoom range. Fast autofocus and image stabilization are also important features.
Sigma’s 150-600mm f/5-6.3 Contemporary DG OS HSM is a top choice. It has strong optical quality and a quick, responsive autofocus system. The built-in optical stabilization helps when using slower shutter speeds or panning.
This lens is available for Canon, Nikon, and Sigma cameras. It’s also one of the best-value super-telephoto zoom lenses on the market. 150-600mm lenses like this Sigma are very useful for sports and wildlife photographers who need powerful magnification.
Lenses for Bird Photography
The best lens for bird photography helps you capture stunning images of your feathered subjects. A focal length of 400-600mm is ideal, providing enough reach to photograph birds from a distance. Look for lenses with fast autofocus and reliable image stabilization to ensure sharp shots.
Professional bird photographers often use large, heavy lenses like 500mm and 600mm primes. However, these aren’t always practical, especially when traveling to remote locations. Smaller, lighter options like the Olympus 300mm f/4 PRO with a 1.4x teleconverter can provide an 840mm equivalent focal length in a compact package.
Ultimately, the best lens for bird photography depends on your specific needs and shooting situation. With advancements in technology, even affordable lenses can deliver professional-quality results. Choose a lens that balances focal length, image quality, and portability to help you capture stunning bird images.
Canon Bird Lenses
Our top pick is the Canon RF 600mm f/11 IS STM for its impressive reach and portability. This lens captures distant subjects clearly, making it ideal for bird photography.
Other great options include the Canon RF 600mm f/4L IS USM for low-light performance, and the Canon RF 800mm f/5.6L IS USM for even greater reach. The Sigma 200-500mm f/2.8 APO EX DG for Canon EF is a versatile zoom lens with a fast f/2.8 aperture, perfect for shooting with a fast shutter speed.
No matter which lens you choose, these Canon lenses will help you capture stunning images of birds in their natural habitats. Canon lenses for bird photography offer a range of focal lengths and features to suit your needs and budget.
Nikon Bird Lenses
Nikon offers a range of lenses perfect for bird photography. The Nikon Z 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6 VR S and Nikon AF-S 500mm f/5.6E PF ED VR are two of the best.
The Nikon Z 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6 VR S has a versatile zoom range, letting you frame birds up close or in the distance. It’s sharp, has fast autofocus, and offers 5.5 stops of image stabilization.
The Nikon AF-S 500mm f/5.6E PF ED VR is a lightweight prime lens with a 500mm focal length. This makes it easy to carry on long shoots. The lens is very sharp and has fast, accurate autofocus to capture birds in flight.
Nikon lenses for bird photography come in many focal lengths and apertures. Finding the right one will help you take your bird photography to new heights.
Sony Bird Lenses
The Sony FE 400mm f/2.8 GM OSS and FE 600mm f/4 GM OSS offer exceptional reach and low-light performance, perfect for capturing detailed shots of birds from a distance. The FE 70-300mm f/4.5-5.6 G OSS is a versatile zoom lens that allows you to quickly adapt to different shooting situations.
Other great options include the Sigma 150-600mm f/5-6.3 DG DN OS | S and the Tamron 150-500mm f/5-6.7 Di III VC VXD, both of which provide an extensive zoom range and effective stabilization for sharp images. For those seeking a lightweight and compact option, the Tamron 70-300mm f/4.5-6.3 Di III RXD is a great choice.
No matter which lens you choose, you’ll be able to capture stunning images of birds in their natural habitats. Sony lenses for bird photography offer a range of features to help you get the perfect shot.
Accessories for Wildlife Photography
The right accessories can be a huge help for wildlife photography, especially out in the field. But you also want to minimize the amount of gear you need to carry, so we’ve compiled a list of accessories worth taking with you.
A sturdy tripod is a must-have for wildlife photographers. It’s especially useful when shooting in low light with slow shutter speeds. Even the slightest camera movement can cause blurriness.
Filters protect your lens and help you get better images in difficult lighting. UV filters block unwanted UV light and reduce haziness. Polarizing filters add contrast, reduce reflections, and darken skies. And neutral density filters prevent overexposure in bright light.
A rain cover will protect your camera from rain and snow. It’s important to keep your gear safe from the elements. Filters for wildlife photography are very useful accessories that can greatly improve your images.
Here’s our in-depth article on the best accessories for wildlife photography.
Using Teleconverters
A teleconverter is a camera accessory that extends the focal length of your lens. It sits between the camera body and lens, increasing the distance between the focal point and the camera sensor. This gives your lens a longer reach, allowing you to capture distant subjects with ease.
Teleconverters come in different levels of magnification, such as 1.4x and 2x. A 1.4x teleconverter used with a 300mm lens increases the focal length to 420mm, while a 2x teleconverter doubles the focal length. They’re popular among wildlife, sports, and astrophotographers who need extra reach without getting too close to their subjects.
Using a teleconverter is simple—just attach it to your camera like a regular lens, then attach your lens to the teleconverter. Keep in mind that teleconverters can affect image quality and reduce the maximum aperture of your lens. To learn more about teleconverters and how they can improve your photography, check out our in-depth guide.
Best Teleconverters
Teleconverters are a great way to get more reach from your lenses. They sit between the camera body and lens, increasing the focal length. This extra magnification is perfect for wildlife, sports, and landscape photographers who need to capture distant subjects.
The best teleconverters have excellent glass elements that maintain image quality. They’re also durable and can handle tough outdoor conditions. But teleconverters do have some downsides, like reduced aperture ranges and slower autofocus speeds.
If you’re looking for a top-quality teleconverter, consider a teleconverter from Canon, Nikon, Sony, and Sigma. These brands offer 1.4x and 2x extenders that are compatible with many of their telephoto lenses.
With the right teleconverter, you can get the extra reach you need without spending a fortune on a new lens.
Tripods
A tripod is an important tool for many photographers. It keeps your camera steady in low light and when using slow shutter speeds. Tripods come in different sizes and materials like aluminum or carbon fiber.
The best tripod for you depends on the type of photography you do. Landscape photographers need a sturdy tripod to shoot in windy conditions and with heavy cameras. Travel photographers want a lightweight and compact tripod that’s easy to carry.
Look for a tripod that extends to your eye level and can hold the weight of your camera. Quick-release plates make it fast to attach and remove your camera. And adjustable legs help you shoot on uneven ground.
If you want to learn more about tripods, read our full guide on how to choose the best tripod for you.
Tripod Bean Bags
A camera bean bag is a simple yet effective tool for stabilizing your camera, especially when shooting wildlife or nature photos. It molds to your lens and the surface you place it on, providing flexible support without getting in the way.
Bean bags are great for photographing from your car. You can use them to steady your camera on the door frame or window, allowing you to get closer to wildlife without scaring them away. They also come in handy when tripods aren’t allowed or when you need to get a low-perspective shot.
You can easily make your own bean bag using soft, durable fabric and a filling like rice, beans, or plastic beads. Choose a size that fits your needs, whether it’s a small bag you can toss in your camera bag or a larger one for added stability.
Check out our in-depth article to learn more about camera bean bags.
Binoculars
The Vortex Optics Viper HD is among the best binoculars for wildlife photography. These binoculars have 10x magnification and 42mm objective lenses, providing a clear and detailed view. The HD Extra-low Dispersion glass ensures high resolution and color accuracy.
The Viper HD binoculars are built to last with a rubber-armored chassis and ArmorTek coating. They are also argon-purged and O-ring sealed for waterproof and fogproof performance, making them suitable for all weather conditions.
With a close focusing distance of 5.1 ft (1.6 m), these binoculars allow you to observe wildlife in great detail. If you want to learn more about binoculars for wildlife, check out our article to help you choose the right pair for your needs.
Spotting Scopes
A spotting scope is an essential tool for bird photographers. It allows you to see birds clearly from great distances, helping you identify species and align your shots.
When choosing a spotting scope, consider the magnification range, objective lens diameter, and field of view. Look for a scope with high-quality glass and coatings to reduce aberrations and improve light transmission. Durability is also important, so choose a waterproof and fog-resistant model.
A spotting scope for birding can come in many shapes and sizes. You can find scopes with long magnification ranges, high-end optics, and modern features like smartphone integration. There are also budget-friendly options that still provide excellent performance.
Clothing for Wildlife Photography
When shooting wildlife photos outdoors, wearing the right clothing is essential for staying comfortable and safe. The key is to dress in layers using moisture-wicking materials like merino wool or synthetics. Avoid cotton as it absorbs moisture and dries slowly.
Your base layer should fit snugly and come in different thicknesses for various temperatures. The middle layer, such as a fleece or insulated jacket, helps retain body heat. Top it off with a waterproof and windproof outer layer to protect against the elements.
Don’t forget accessories like warm mittens, wool socks, and waterproof boots for cold conditions. In hot weather, choose lightweight, quick-drying fabrics with UV and insect protection. Neutral colors help you blend in, but wear bright hues during hunting season for safety.
Because you’ll be heading out into the field, choosing the right clothing for wildlife photography is important.
Vests and Jackets
A photographer vest is a practical solution for carrying camera gear. It provides easy access to items and frees your hands to focus on shooting. Vests also distribute weight evenly across your torso, which is better for your back than a shoulder bag.
The best photographer vests have a variety of pocket sizes for different accessories. Look for options with durable, lightweight, and breathable materials. Some vests are also water-resistant for added protection in light rain.
Photographer vests come in many styles, from basic outdoor designs to travel-friendly models with hidden pockets. Choose one that fits your needs and budget. To find the perfect photographer vest for you, consider the number of pockets, materials, and extra features like D-rings or a hood.
Popular Wildlife Backpacks
Every photographer needs a good camera backpack. And that’s especially true for wildlife photographers. They need a spacious backpack capable of carrying large lenses that also provides protection. Telephoto lenses are not cheap, so you need security when stowing them in your backpack.
Thankfully, we’ve reviewed several camera backpacks that fit the bill. We also have a full article on waterproof backpacks for photographers heading out in bad weather.
Gura Gear Kiboko V2.0
The Gura Gear Kiboko V2.0 22L is a tough camera backpack made for wildlife photographers. It has a rugged, weather-sealed design that makes it great for outdoor adventures.
You can fit a lot of camera gear in this 22-liter bag. The space is used well, so you can pack large telephoto lenses and several camera bodies. The shoulder straps, chest strap, and waist belt are all very comfortable, even when carrying heavy loads.
This high-quality backpack comes at a high price. But if you want a reliable bag that will last, it’s worth the investment. Gura Gear also offers a five-year warranty for extra peace of mind.
Check out our full-length review to learn more about the Gura Gear Kiboko V2.0.
Think Tank MindShift BackLight
The Think Tank MindShift BackLight 18L is a hiking-style camera backpack. It has an impressive carrying capacity for its size. You can fit two full-frame DSLRs, two zoom lenses, a flash, and accessories.
The backpack is well-made but has less padding than some alternatives. This helps keep the weight down, which is important for long hikes. And there are many ways to attach extra gear to the outside of the bag.
The MindShift BackLight 18L is a good choice if you want a light yet spacious camera backpack. Check out our full-length review to learn more about the Think Tank Mindshift Backlight 18L.
Waterproof Backpacks
Protecting your expensive camera gear from the elements is crucial. The best weatherproof camera bags use special materials and coatings to keep your equipment dry, even in sudden downpours.
Our top picks feature incredible exterior materials that don’t need a cover if it starts to rain. The Wandrd Prvke has a roll-top design that keeps water out, while the Wandrd Duo and Lowepro Freeline use waterproof zippers to secure even the weakest points.
When choosing a weatherproof camera bag, consider how it functions for your photography style. Look for different access options, additional features, and the level of weatherproofing that’s important to you.
Inspiration from the Best Wildlife Photographers
No matter which type of photography you’re interested in, seeing work from professionals is always inspiring. And when looking at wildlife photography, you can use the work of others to help you develop your own skills and style.
It’s especially useful if you want to explore particular animals or environments. You can find photographers working in that field and learn how they achieve the best results.
It’s also a joy just to see animals in their natural habitat, especially as so much of the environment is under threat. The work of wildlife photographers reminds us of what we have and why we should protect the natural world.
Going Pro
Becoming a wildlife photographer takes time and dedication. Choosing the right gear is a good starting point. But you also need to practice taking high-quality photos and improve your skills.
Most wildlife photographers are self-employed, so set your prices by researching the market. Begin photographing basic species in your local area before moving on to more exotic animals. Be patient and ready to capture the perfect moment when it arrives.
As a wildlife photographer, you’ll need to travel and spend time outdoors in wilderness conditions. Get to know the animals and their natural habitats to recognize the best poses and situations. Consider offering extra services like teaching wildlife photography courses or workshops to diversify your income. Most importantly, always respect the animals and their environment.
Read more about becoming a professional wildlife photographer to give your business a head start.
Famous Wildlife Photographers
To be the best photographer possible, we need to study the work of famous wildlife photographers. Franz Lanting is a giant among nature photographers. His vivid storytelling is definitely worth examining.
Marina Cano’s dreamy artistic works include a mix of low-saturation color and black and white. Marsel van Oosten’s images are rewarded, featured, and exhibited worldwide. He is also a regular contributor to National Geographic.
Suzi Eszterhas’ images of baby animals are compelling and show the most intimate moments of wild animals. Melissa Groo has won many wildlife photography awards. All her photos show some specific behavior or have an eye-grabbing characteristic.
Wildlife photographers can teach and inspire you to improve your own photos. Looking at the work of famous wildlife photographers is a great way to gain inspiration.
Influential Bird Photographers
Bird photography captures the beauty and wonder of our feathered friends. The best bird photographers have the patience, skill, and passion to get stunning shots. They use telephoto lenses and quick shutter speeds to freeze birds in flight.
These influential bird photographers share incredible images from around the world. Their portfolios feature colorful tropical species, majestic birds of prey, and delicate songbirds. Through their work, we get an intimate look at birds in their natural habitats.
Bird photography takes us places we can’t always go to see birds up close. These talented photographers inspire us with their art and dedication to documenting birdlife. To see more amazing bird photos, check out these bird photographers and their best work.
Exciting Underwater Photographers
Underwater photography is a captivating art form that reveals the breathtaking beauty beneath the waves. From the deepest oceans to swimming pools, these images have a powerful effect on viewers.
Exploring this niche requires specialized equipment and knowledge of the underwater world. Despite the challenges, many talented photographers have made their mark in this field.
These influential underwater photographers capture unique aspects of life below the surface. Their stunning portfolios showcase marine wildlife, conservation efforts, and the mysteries of the deep. If you’d like to learn more about the work of famous underwater photographers, check out our inspirational list.
Conclusion: Wildlife Photography Guide
Wildlife photography is one of the most demanding yet rewarding disciplines. You need patience and skill, and the gear isn’t cheap. But if you’re dedicated and passionate, you can capture the most incredible images of animals in the wild.
You don’t have to set off on safari to snap animals in the wild. You can start in your back garden or local park, taking pictures of the animals you find there. As your skills develop and your passion grows, you can upgrade your gear and visit more exotic locations.
For many photographers, capturing wildlife on camera is a never-ending journey and a celebration of life on earth.