A Complete Guide to Photography Lighting

Mastering Photography Lighting

Photography, of course, means “Painting with light”. Which only goes to emphasize how important lighting is to perfecting your craft. We measure the amount of light, its color, its temperature, and how soft or hard it is. Understanding how to make the most of the light, or how to manipulate and use additional light, is key to improving your photography. So we’ve put together this guide to making lighting work for you in every circumstance.

Make the Most of Available Light

Natural light is the most varied, beautiful, and sometimes capricious light you will find. It can be harsh, warm, soft, golden, cold, and very changeable. But for many situations it is unbeatable. Learning how to exploit it to the best can raise your photography game no end.

Using Natural Light

Natural light is the best light for photography. It’s free and available any time of day. To get the best results, you need to know how to work with different types of natural light.

Direct light is great for creating dramatic shadows and emphasizing textures. Side light is perfect for moody photoshoots, while top light can give your photos a mysterious look. You can even use fabric with direct light to create interesting patterns.

Soft light is a photographer’s best friend. It’s even and creates a balanced amount of shadows. Cloudy days are ideal for capturing soft light. We’ve got some great ideas if you want to learn more about natural light photography.

Ambient Light Portraits

Ambient light photography is a great way to capture atmospheric portraits. It uses available light sources like windows, doors, and the sun to create moods.

Different types of ambient light can be used to achieve various effects. Backlit and golden hour light are perfect for dreamy atmospheres. Cloudy daylight and toplight can create mysterious moods. Direct light results in harsh shadows and striking contrasts.

Ambient light is available almost everywhere, giving photographers endless opportunities to explore atmospheric portraiture. Experiment with lamps, parks on cloudy days, or stores with haunting toplight to find inspiration and potential in every location. Ambient light photography will improve your observation skills and help you take stunning atmospheric portraits.

Natural Light Portraits

Natural light is a powerful tool for creating dreamy, ethereal portrait photos. By using shadows, you can transform simple elements into stunning works of art. Look for interesting patterns created by branches, plants, or even everyday objects like hats and curtains to add depth and dimension to your portraits.

Window light is another reliable source of natural light for portrait photography. Position your subject near a large window to ensure even lighting on their face. Experiment with curtains to create a makeshift studio and control the shadows.

When shooting outdoors, keep an eye out for eye-catching backgrounds that complement your model and theme. If you can’t find the perfect backdrop, don’t be afraid to add your own elements, such as flowers, confetti, or bubbles, to enhance your compositions. By combining your love for different photography genres and capturing both people and objects, you can create diptychs that tell deeper stories. To learn more about natural light portrait photography, check out this in-depth guide.

Window Light

Window light photography is a simple and beautiful way to take portraits. By using natural light from a window, you can create stunning images with a soft, dreamy quality.

All other things being equal, the larger the window, the softer the light will be. This is because a large window provides a wider angle for the light to fall on your subject’s face, producing fewer shadows. You can experiment with the distance between your subject and the window to adjust the hardness of the light.

Window light is very directional and acts as a side light unless the window is directly above the subject. Placing your subject in the middle of a window with the light coming from the left will illuminate the left side of their face more than the right, creating an interesting effect with more shadows on the right side. To learn more about window light photography, have a look at our handy guide.

 

Twilight Portraits

Twilight portrait photography can be challenging, but with the right techniques, you can capture stunning images in low light conditions. Start by taking a test shot to gauge the ambient light exposure. Then, add a flash with a diffuser to illuminate your subject while maintaining natural shadows.

Experiment with your camera settings to find the right balance between flash and ambient light. A wide aperture lens, like an f/1.4 prime, allows more light in and creates a soft, dreamy effect when focused on the model’s eyes.

Pay attention to your background lighting and position your model to capture interesting elements. With the right settings  you can create stunning twilight portraits. To dive deeper into twilight photography, explore our comprehensive guide.

Different Lighting Effects

Understanding light is important for taking great photos. The position of the light source affects shadows and texture. Side lighting shows more texture and depth, while front lighting flattens the scene.

Backlighting places the light behind the subject, creating silhouettes. Photographers also use reflected light to add depth and dimension to images. Light bends as it passes through objects like water or glass, creating interesting effects.

Bouncing light off surfaces can help spread and soften it. The color of light, measured on the Kelvin scale, affects the look of the subject. Light intensity can be adjusted by moving the light source or using diffusers. Blocking light creates shadow patterns for a dramatic look.

To learn more about photography lighting, check out our in-depth article that covers these concepts in greater detail.

Techniques for Portrait Photography

One of the most challenging, and rewarding, photography niches is portraiture. It’s a great example of how lighting can make or break an image. A portrait tries to capture the character of the subject as well as their physical appearance. So using light to create a mood or an impression is a valuable skill.

Lighting Terminology

It can really help you improve your lighting, by learning some portrait lighting terms. Key light is the primary light source illuminating a scene, while fill light is used to reduce shadows. Back light, also known as rim light, comes from behind the subject to make them stand out.

Lighting patterns like butterfly, loop, Rembrandt, and split lighting each create distinct shadows on the face. Modifiers such as softboxes, umbrellas, and reflectors shape the light to achieve the desired effect.

Understanding these portrait lighting terms will help you master the art of portrait photography and create beautiful, professional-looking images.

Key Light Photography

The key light is the main light source in a photo shoot. It determines the overall look and feel of your photos. The sun is the most common key light, but you can also use a flash, reflector, or studio strobe.

Where you place the key light affects where shadows fall on your subject. A key light above the subject casts shadows around their eyes, nose, and chin. Placing it to the side creates a more sculpted look.

Mastering key lighting will help you improve your photography. Learn to balance the ratio of your key light with other lights and reflectors to get the look you want. If you normally only use the sun as your main light, try making it your key light by reflecting some light onto your subject or adding flash.

High Key vs Low Key

High key and low key lighting are two different styles that create contrasting moods in photography. High key lighting is bright and minimizes shadows, resulting in a positive and dreamy feel. It’s commonly used in commercial and lifestyle photography to make subjects appear their best.

On the other hand, low key lighting is darker with more shadows, creating a dramatic and emotional atmosphere. This style is popular in fine art, portrait, and conceptual photography. It’s also effective for emphasizing details in subjects like watches and electronic devices.

To achieve high key lighting, use multiple light sources to create an even, bright environment. Focus on light colors and avoid dark backgrounds. For low key lighting, use a single light source and experiment with angles to create intense shadows. Convert low key photos to black and white to further emphasize the emotional impact. If you’d like to learn more about high key vs low key lighting, we have an in-depth article that covers the topic in greater detail.

High Key Photography

High key photography is a technique that creates bright, evenly lit images with minimal shadows. It’s achieved by using multiple light sources to fill in shadows and create a soft, diffused look. The key is to balance the main light with secondary lights or reflectors to eliminate dark areas.

When setting up high key lighting, start with your key light and observe where shadows fall. Then add fill lights at a 45-degree angle to the key light, adjusting their strength to be slightly lower. Large light sources or diffusers help spread the light evenly across your subject.

High key photography conveys an upbeat, positive mood, making it popular for advertising and comedy. By learning more about high key photography, you can create images with a bright, airy feel that are sure to grab attention.

Low Key Photography

Low key photography is a technique that balances light and darkness to create moody images. It involves using a single light source, either natural or artificial, to illuminate the subject while keeping the background dark. To achieve this effect, place your subject in a beam of light coming through a window or use a flash positioned at a 45-degree angle.

Adjust your camera settings to cut out ambient light by using a fast shutter speed and narrow aperture. Make sure your subject is at least six feet away from the background to keep it dark. You can also use a light meter to help you find the right settings quickly.

Low key lighting can be used in various situations beyond portraits, such as low key photography for food, still life, and even gig photography. Experiment with different light modifiers and techniques to create unique and dramatic results.

Portrait Lighting Patterns

You can create amazing portrait lighting with just one light. The key is knowing where to place that light in relation to your subject.

Butterfly lighting places the light above and slightly behind the camera, creating a small shadow under the nose. Loop lighting moves the light 45 degrees to the side, creating a shadow on one side of the nose. Rembrandt lighting creates a triangle of light under one eye.

Rim lighting places the light behind the subject, outlining their shape. Split lighting puts the light directly to the side, lighting only half the face. With a reflector on the opposite side, you can fill in some of those shadows.

Backlight creates a halo effect behind the subject. Adding a reflector in front bounces light back to softly illuminate the face. For more portrait lighting tips, check out our full guide.

 

The Three Light Setup

A three light setup is a versatile lighting technique for photography. It uses a key light, fill light, and backlight to illuminate the subject. The key light is the main light source, placed 45 degrees to the right of the subject. The fill light is placed 45 degrees to the left to reduce shadows. The backlight is positioned behind the subject to separate them from the background.

Adjust the brightness of each light to get the desired exposure. The key light should be brighter than the fill light. The backlight can be as bright as the fill light or slightly dimmer. Use a radio trigger to set off the lights remotely for the best results.

A 3 light setup for photography is an important skill to learn. It can be used for portraits, headshots, and more.

Backlight Photography

Backlight photography involves positioning your main light source behind the subject, facing the camera. This technique can create a dramatic effect, adding contrast and separating the subject from the background. However, it can be challenging to achieve the correct exposure when using backlighting.

To capture a well-exposed backlit photograph, shoot in RAW format and use manual mode. Spot metering is essential for accurate exposure, as it allows you to set the exposure based on a small area of the frame. Compose your image consciously, considering the position of the light source and using accessories like reflectors to balance the exposure.

Experiment with creative backlight photography techniques, such as creating silhouettes, using translucent subjects, or incorporating lens flare. Post-processing backlit photos can help enhance contrast and bring out details in the shadows and highlights. To learn more about backlight photography, check out this in-depth guide.

Bounce Flash Photography

Bounce flash is a great technique for beginners looking to improve their flash photography. Instead of using harsh, direct flash, bounce the light off a large, neutral-colored surface like a wall or ceiling. This creates soft, dimensional lighting without the need for complex off-camera setups.

To get the best results, use a hot shoe flash with an adjustable head and experiment with the distance between the flash, subject, and bounce surface. Manual flash settings give you more control, but you can also use flash compensation to adjust the power.

No suitable bounce surface available? Try using a reflector or bounce card to achieve similar soft lighting effects anywhere. Finally, balance the bounce flash with your shutter speed to control how much ambient light appears in the image. If you’d like to learn more about bounce flash, there are many great resources available to help you master this technique.

Short and Broad Lighting

Short and broad lighting are two styles of portrait lighting that can dramatically affect the mood and appearance of your subject. Short lighting is when the shadowed side of the face is closest to the camera, creating a more dramatic and moody look. It can also make the face appear slimmer and longer.

Broad lighting is the opposite, where the brighter side of the face is closest to the camera. This creates a more open and inviting look, and can make the face appear wider. Broad lighting is often used for female subjects as it can help smooth out skin imperfections.

You can use these lighting styles with both studio and natural light. By adjusting the position of your subject and the light source, you can create a variety of looks. To learn more about how to use broad lighting in your portrait photography, check out our in-depth guide.

Butterfly Lighting

Butterfly lighting is a simple yet effective setup for creating beautiful portraits. It involves placing a single light directly in front of the subject, about a foot above their face. This creates a butterfly-shaped shadow under the nose, which is flattering and slimming.

To set up butterfly lighting, you’ll need an off-camera flash, triggers, and a reflector. Position your subject in front of the camera and align the light with them. The reflector should be placed below the subject’s face to soften shadows.

Experiment with the angle of the subject’s face and the power of the flash to control the intensity and direction of the light. You can also add creative elements like fairy lights or dramatic shadows to make your portraits more interesting. Butterfly lighting is a great technique to master for anyone looking to improve their portrait photography skills.

Catchlight Lighting

A catchlight is the sparkle in a subject’s eyes that makes them look alive and vibrant in a portrait. It’s a reflection of the light source, whether natural or artificial. Without a catchlight, portraits can appear dull and lifeless.

To capture catchlights outdoors, position your subject facing the sun or a reflective surface like windows or mirrors. Shooting during the golden hour when the sun is low can create stunning silhouettes in the eyes. Indoors, use windows to diffuse natural light and position your subject about 45 degrees from the window for the most appealing catchlights.

When using artificial light, household lamps, continuous lighting, or off-camera flash can create catchlights. Focus on the eyes, use a wide aperture like f/1.8 or f/1.4 to emphasize them, and choose circular light sources for natural-looking specular highlights. Editing can help bring out the catchlights by removing unwanted reflections. To learn more about catchlight in photography, check out this in-depth guide.

Chiaroscuro Lighting

Chiaroscuro is a dramatic lighting technique that combines a strong light source with deep shadows to create bold contrasts and emotion in portraits. This effect, popularized by Renaissance painters like Rembrandt and Caravaggio, is loved by portrait, food, still life, and fine art photographers.

To achieve chiaroscuro lighting, you can use natural window light or a single artificial light source positioned horizontally to your subject. Work with different gradients and avoid lighting your model directly to create the signature fading highlights and shadows.

Black or dark backgrounds work best for chiaroscuro portraits, and you can easily make your own using black paint and cardboard. Experiment with unusual angles, focus on different parts of your model’s face, and capture a range of expressions to create striking, cinematic photos. If you’d like to learn more about chiaroscuro lighting, we have an in-depth guide that covers everything you need to know.

Clamshell Lighting

Clamshell lighting is a popular setup for beauty, portrait, and headshot photography. It sculpts the face, defines the cheekbones and chin, and creates a sparkle in the eye while keeping shadows soft.

To create clamshell lighting, place the key light above the subject’s head at a 45-degree angle. Use a modifier like a softbox to soften the light. Take a test shot and adjust the light until you see catchlights in the eyes.

Next, add a reflector or second light below the subject, also at a 45-degree angle. This fills in the shadows under the chin. If using a second light, set it about two stops lower than the key light. Clamshell lighting is a simple yet rewarding setup to master.

Dappled Light

Dappled light is a beautiful yet challenging type of lighting to work with. It happens when small pockets of light filter through objects like trees or window shades, creating a mix of light and shadow on your subject.

To get the best results, try exposing between the light and shadow areas. Exposing for the light can make shadows too dark, while exposing for shadows can blow out the highlights. Aim for a slightly dark exposure that still shows detail, then bring up the shadows in post-processing.

You can also use tools to modify dappled light. A reflector or flash helps fill in shadows for a more even exposure. To avoid dappled light entirely, diffuse it with a translucent screen or curtain. With a little creativity, you can use dappled light to add a unique look to your photos. To dive deeper into dappled light techniques, we’ve got you covered.

Lighting Diagrams

Portrait lighting is a crucial skill for any photographer. The right lighting can make all the difference in creating a stunning portrait. Here are seven portrait lighting setups to try:

Split lighting is the simplest setup, using a single flash lined up with the model’s shoulder. Loop and Rembrandt lighting are classic setups that suit both male and female models. Butterfly lighting casts a small, butterfly-shaped shadow under the nose.

Rim lighting highlights the contours of the model, creating a mysterious feel. Clamshell lighting uses a key light and fill light to disperse shadows. And don’t forget about mixing flash with ambient light for environmental portraits.

Mastering these portrait lighting diagrams will take your photography to the next level. Experiment with different setups to find what works best for your style and subject.

Dramatic Lighting

Dramatic lighting makes photos stand out by creating contrast, interest, and mood. It has three main features: hard light with little transition between bright and dark areas, focused or patterned light that illuminates specific parts of the image, and high contrast with both bright and dark tones.

To create dramatic lighting, use small or distant light sources for hard light. Modify the light with grids, snoots, or barn doors to focus it on a specific area or create patterns. Increase contrast by avoiding fill light and using a black reflector to deepen shadows.

Experiment with light positioning to achieve dramatic effects like split lighting or Rembrandt lighting. With these dramatic lighting techniques, you can create powerful, attention-grabbing photos that stand out.

Fill Light

A fill light is an additional light source that helps eliminate shadows and balance the exposure in your photos. It’s especially useful when you’re shooting in bright conditions and your subject ends up looking dark. The fill light is typically less bright than the key light, which is the main light source.

To use a fill light, place it opposite the main light source. If the key light is behind the subject, position the fill light in front of them. You can use a flash, strobe, continuous light, or reflector as your fill light.

The key to effective fill lighting is setting the correct fill ratio. Make an exposure reading from the lightest part of your composition using your camera’s spot meter. Then add in as much fill light as needed to eliminate shadows without overexposing the subject. To learn more about fill light, check out our in-depth article.

Flat Light

Flat light is light that produces minimal contrast in a photograph. It occurs in bright light with no shadows or in shadows with no direct bright light. Flat light flattens an image, making it look two-dimensional due to the lack of shadows that differentiate objects.

Overcast or snowy skies outdoors are common causes of natural flat light. Photographing in a room with indirect, diffused light from windows can also produce flat light. Using a direct flash or direct lighting will cause flat light too, as the light comes from the same perspective as the camera.

Flat light is often used in fashion and beauty photography to reduce the visibility of imperfections. It’s also good for group pictures and passport photos or professional headshots to ensure even lighting on each person. Flat light is a useful tool for photographers to understand and use in the right situations.

Gobo Light

A gobo is a stencil or device that creates patterns using light. Photographers often use gobos to recreate window scenes even when there aren’t any in the room. Some also use it to add shadows and depth to images that otherwise have boring lighting.

Gobos typically have a Bowens mount, which allows you to attach it to standard flash units. In the middle, there’s a lens and a small lever to let you make the light wider or narrower. At the tip of the device is a lens and lever that focuses the light going out of the gobo.

Using gobos is easy. Pick the pattern you like, slide it into the plate, and move your light source to the area you want to illuminate. Adjust the lens lever until you see the template clearly. If you’d like to learn more about gobo, we have a detailed guide that covers everything you need to know.

Hair Light

A hair light is a studio light that separates the hair from the background. It’s placed behind the model and directed towards the hair, creating a halo effect. This is especially helpful when the subject’s hair color is similar to the background color.

The hair light can be subtle or more pronounced, depending on the desired look. Use a low power setting for a subtle separation, or turn up the power for a stronger halo effect. Modifiers like beauty dishes, barn doors, grids, and snoots help prevent light spill onto other parts of the image.

Be careful not to exaggerate flyaways with the hair light. Have the subject use hair spray to smooth their hair and save time in Photoshop later. When used correctly, a hair light can add the perfect amount of pop to your portraits. To learn more about using a hair light in your photography, check out this in-depth article.

Soft vs Hard Light

When choosing between soft light and hard light photography, the shadows are key. Hard light has an abrupt transition between the light and shadows, creating high contrast with bright highlights and dark shadows. This edgy and dramatic light is often used for portraits of men and athletes, as well as in street and landscape photography.

However, hard light tends to highlight skin imperfections and can create unflattering hot spots. Soft light, on the other hand, has a gradual transition from light to dark. It’s more forgiving and universally flattering, making it a popular choice for portraits.

The size of the light source, distance between the light and subject, and intensity of the light determine whether it’s hard or soft. By adjusting these factors, photographers can create the type of light that works best for their shot. To learn more about the techniques and applications of hard light photography, explore our in-depth guide.

Incident Light vs Reflected Light

Incident light is the light that falls on a subject, while reflected light is the light that bounces off the subject. Your camera’s built-in light meter measures reflected light, which can sometimes lead to exposure issues when there’s high contrast or incidental light entering the lens.

To get a more accurate exposure reading, you can use an incident light meter. This handheld device measures the light falling on the subject, regardless of how much light is absorbed or reflected by the surface. Incident light meters are especially useful when working with multiple studio lights, as they help you balance the light sources for the desired effect.

Understanding the characteristics of light is key to becoming a better photographer. With practice, you can learn to estimate the correct camera settings without relying on a light meter. If you’d like to learn more about incident light, there are many resources available to help you master this important aspect of photography lighting.

Loop Lighting

Loop lighting is a popular portrait lighting technique that creates a small shadow of the subject’s nose on their cheek. To achieve this effect, position the light source slightly above eye level and angle it down to create the desired shadow size. The ideal angle is around 45°.

Move the light until the nose shadow is just right – not too large or fused with the cheek shadow. Avoid placing the light too high, as this can result in lifeless images without catch-lights in the eyes.

Loop lighting is flattering for most faces, making it a go-to choice for many portrait photographers. By mastering this technique, you can create stunning portraits that showcase your subject in the best possible light. Loop lighting is a fundamental skill for any portrait photographer looking to take their work to the next level.

Paramount Lighting

Paramount lighting, also known as butterfly lighting, is a timeless portrait illumination style that can create stunning results. It involves placing a single light source above and directly centered with the subject’s face, angled down towards them. This creates a butterfly-shaped shadow under the nose and emphasizes the cheekbones.

To achieve paramount lighting in a studio, use a softbox or strobe placed above and behind the camera. An octagon-shaped softbox works well for creating beautiful catchlights in the model’s eyes. If the shadows are too harsh, a reflector placed under the chin can help soften them.

This lighting style is flattering for most people, as it fills wrinkles and facial lines while creating a soft look to the skin. If you’d like to learn more about paramount lighting, there are many helpful resources available online.

Rembrandt Lighting

Rembrandt lighting is a classic portrait lighting technique that creates a dramatic, moody look. It’s named after the Dutch painter Rembrandt, who often used this type of lighting in his paintings.

To create Rembrandt lighting, place your key light to the side of the subject’s face at a 45-degree angle and slightly above their eye level. This will create a triangle of light under the subject’s eye on the shadowed side of their face.

Rembrandt lighting is a great choice for low-key portraits and can be achieved with a single light source. For a softer look, add a fill light or reflector to lighten the shadows. If you’d like to learn more about Rembrandt lighting, there are many helpful resources available.

Rim Lights

Rim lighting creates a dramatic effect in portrait photography. Position your subject in front of a dark background with a strong light behind them. The light source can be slightly to the side or above, but should be blocked from the camera’s view by the subject.

You can use any type of light for rim lighting, including studio strobes, off-camera flash, continuous LED panels, or natural light. Contrast is key – the rim light should be stronger than the key light on the front of your subject for the most impact.

When using natural light, look for locations with a dark background and place your subject so the sun is behind them. Morning and late afternoon work best when the sun is lower in the sky. You can also combine available light with flash to balance the exposure. Translucent edges like frizzy hair or clothing can enhance the rim light effect. Improving the contrast during post-processing can further refine the look of your rim light portrait.

Split Lighting

Split lighting is a photography technique where the light source illuminates half of the subject’s face, leaving the other half in shadow. This lighting setup creates a dramatic effect that emphasizes texture and adds contrast to portraits.

To achieve split lighting, place the light source to the side of the subject at a 90-degree angle from the camera. The light should be slightly behind the subject’s head. Adjust the position of the light or the subject until exactly half of the face is lit and the other half is in shadow.

You can use natural light from a window or artificial light sources like LED lights with stands. Ensure that there are catchlights in the subject’s eyes to add vitality to the portrait. Experiment with light intensity and color to create different moods. Split-lighting portraits often look striking when converted to black and white, further enhancing the dramatic effect.

 

Photography Lighting Equipment

From huge, complex studio setups, to simple folding reflectors, the range of lighting equipment can be quite baffling. Some cameras have built-in flash, which can be very effective if you learn how to use it well. But there are times when only proper artificial lighting solutions will do the trick. We have pulled together some advice for every kind of photographic lighting you might ever need.

Studio Lighting

In the studio, the choice comes down to studio strobes (large flash units), or constant lighting, typically LED lights, or fluorescent fittings. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, but many of the skills and techniques for using them are the same. You can get portable studio lights on tripod stands. Or you can opt for gantries and trusses to hang your lights from, or a mixture of both.

Photography Lighting Equipment Explained

There are three basic types of photography lighting equipment: continuous lights, strobes, and modifiers. Continuous lights are always on and produce a soft light. Strobes are flashes that can be manual or TTL. Modifiers change the direction, intensity, or quality of light.

Each type has benefits and drawbacks. It’s important to understand how each one works before buying. This guide will teach you everything you need to know about photography lighting equipment so you can make an informed decision and start taking amazing photos!

If you’d like to learn more about types of photography lighting equipment, we have a detailed article that covers the topic in-depth.

 

Studio Lighting Advice

Studio lights are an essential tool for photographers looking to create high-quality images in a controlled environment. There are several types of studio lights available, each with its own unique characteristics and benefits.

Fluorescent lights are energy-efficient and produce a soft, even light that is well-suited for portrait photography. LED lights are another popular option, offering adjustable color temperature and dimming capabilities. They are also very portable and generate little heat.

Strobe lights produce a powerful burst of light that can freeze motion and create dramatic effects. They are often used in fashion and commercial photography. When using studio lights, it’s important to diffuse the light to avoid harsh shadows and create a more flattering look. Studio lights offer endless creative possibilities for photographers looking to take their work to the next level.

 

Strobes or Speedlights?

Speedlights and strobes both create short bursts of light for photography. Speedlights are small flashes that attach to your camera’s hot shoe. They’re portable and versatile.

Strobes are larger, more powerful lights designed for studio use. They have faster recycle times and built-in modeling lights.

While strobes offer more power and features, speedlights are a great option for most photography needs. They’re easy to pack and can create soft or hard light. To learn more about the differences between speedlight vs strobe lighting, check out our in-depth article.

Choosing Lighting Equipment

The right lighting equipment is important for photography. Natural light can only get you so far, so it may be time to invest in some good lighting gear.

LED lights and speedlights are a great choice for beginners. They cover most lighting situations and give you control with modifiers that will shape the light.

The Yongnuo YN360 Light Wand and YN600EX-RT Speedlight are affordable options. Pair them with a light stand, umbrella, and color gels to get started. Lighting equipment for photography doesn’t have to be expensive to produce amazing results.

DIY Solutions

You can create impressive DIY photography lighting with simple items like flashlights and light modifiers made from repurposed materials. Most of these you can find at home, but you may need to take a trip to the hardware store.

A basic DIY softbox uses a large frame with white fabric stretched across it. Placing the light source closer to the fabric creates harsher light, while moving it further away softens the light. White poster board makes an effective reflector to bounce light back onto the subject and smooth out shadows, while black poster board can be used as a flag to block light and create moody shadows.

Fairy lights are a creative and versatile DIY lighting option that can be used to light up your subject in various ways. They come in different colors and temperatures, allowing you to choose the desired effect. You can have the model hold them, string them behind the subject, or place them in front of the lens for a dreamy bokeh effect. DIY photography lighting opens up a world of creative possibilities without breaking the bank.

DIY Reflector

Making a DIY light reflector is simple and can be done with materials found around your house. A reflector is a surface that reflects light to fill in shadows or add a spark to a subject not directly in the light.

To make a reflector, choose a material like foam board, cardboard, or thick white card. White surfaces provide a soft, natural light while tin foil can be too harsh. Cut the material to your preferred size and attach white paper or foil using tape.

Set up the reflector using bulldog clips as stands for smaller reflectors. For larger ones, tie them to tripods or prop them up to angle the light. Place the reflector on the opposite side of the light source and experiment with different angles. We’ve got plenty of ideas to help you if you want to learn more about making a DIY light reflector.

DIY Softbox

Building a DIY softbox is a simple way to improve your photography lighting. You’ll need a box, white garbage bag or diffuse material, box cutters, scissors, tape, a Sharpie marker, and a hot-shoe flash.

First, remove the box’s top flaps and trace an opening for the flash. Create flaps to hold the flash in place, then line the inside of the softbox with aluminum foil. Cover the front with a white diffusion material like a garbage bag or old sheet.

Insert your flash pointing straight up and start shooting. The softbox will create a much softer, more flattering light compared to a bare flash. To learn more about building your own DIY softbox, check out our in-depth guide.

Studio Lighting Modifiers

Part of the attraction of studio lighting equipment is that you can control it. And not just its intensity or duration, but its color, harshness, spread, and direction. To do this you need lighting modifiers, and to understand how to use them. 

Lighting Modifiers Explained

Lighting modifiers help photographers control and shape light from strobes and flashes. Softboxes and umbrellas increase the light source’s size, creating softer, more flattering light with gentler shadows. Beauty dishes also soften light but maintain some shadow depth for a dramatic look that sculpts facial features.

Grids, snoots, and barn doors give photographers precise control over where light falls in the scene. Grids create a focused light beam, snoots produce an even narrower spotlight effect, and barn doors allow customizing the light spread. Flags block light from hitting certain areas.

Gels change the color of the light for creative effects or to match ambient light. Gobos and cucoloris modifiers add unique patterns to the light. Flash diffusers like domes and bounce cards provide softening options in a compact size for on-camera use. Lighting modifiers open up endless creative possibilities for shaping light.

Beauty Dishes

A beauty dish is a versatile lighting modifier that produces dramatic and contrasted lighting for portrait and fashion photography. It creates a light that is harder than a softbox but softer than an umbrella. You can also add a grid to make the light more focused and directional.

Without a grid, the light spreads out more, making it good for larger subjects or as a fill light. With a grid, the light is much more direct and creates a natural vignette effect. This is great for sculpting facial features and creating beautiful shadows.

To use a beauty dish for portraits, position it 45 degrees off the center of the face and just out of frame. Raise the stand and point it down on the subject for more shadows. Turn the model’s face towards the dish to vary the amount of shadows. If you’d like to learn more about beauty dish lighting, there are many great resources available.

Reflectors

A photography reflector is an affordable tool that can help you manipulate light for professional-looking images. It bounces existing light back onto the subject, adding fill light, creating catch lights in portraits, and preventing silhouettes. Reflectors come in different sizes, colors, and shapes, each affecting how the light bounces.

Larger reflectors create softer light, while smaller ones produce harder light with more noticeable shadows. White reflectors provide very soft light, silver ones reflect more light than white, and gold reflectors give subjects a warm glow. You can also use the black side to block light and create your own shade, or the semi-transparent white as a diffuser to soften the light.

To use a reflector effectively, check the intensity and location of the light in your scene. Position the reflector across from the light source, at an angle, or parallel to the ground to fill in shadows. Experiment with different angles and distances to fine-tune the lighting. If you’d like to learn more about using a photography reflector, we have a comprehensive guide that covers everything from the basics to creative techniques.

Ring Lights

Ring lights are a popular type of photography lighting that create beautiful, soft light. They’re perfect for portraits, as they add a natural-looking glow to the subject’s skin. The most appealing benefit is that ring lights help eliminate harsh shadows, providing even lighting on the face.

Ring lights come in various sizes. Small ones can fit around your lens, while large ones may need their own stand. You’ll most often see them used in studio settings, but smaller ones are easily used outdoors too.

When choosing a ring light, consider your budget, the build quality, any necessary accessories, adjustable settings, and the size and portability. If you specialize in portraiture, macro, or food photography, ring lights can be extremely beneficial. To learn more about ring light for photography, check out this in-depth guide.

 

Softboxes

Softboxes are a great way to improve your photography lighting. They diffuse light, creating softer shadows and more even illumination. This is especially useful for portraits, still life, and product photography.

To get the best results, position the softbox close to your subject for the softest light. Experiment with different angles to control where shadows fall. If using multiple lights, consider how they balance with each other and any ambient light.

Pay attention to reflections, especially on shiny surfaces. Ensure your subject is far enough from the background to avoid unwanted shadows. With practice, softboxes can help you achieve perfect lighting in your photos. To use a softbox effectively, consider its size, placement, and power output relative to your subject and other lights.

Umbrellas

A photography umbrella is a simple yet effective tool for shaping light in your photos. It attaches to an external flash or strobe and spreads the light out, creating a soft and flattering effect that’s perfect for portraits and other types of studio photography.

Photography umbrellas come in different sizes and materials. White umbrellas diffuse light the most, while black umbrellas with white or silver lining offer more control. Larger umbrellas create softer light than smaller ones.

To use a photography umbrella, mount it to your light source and angle it based on the type of lighting you want. Experiment with different positions and heights to achieve various creative lighting patterns. You can also combine an umbrella with other lights for more advanced setups. With a photography umbrella, you’ll be able to easily improve the quality and mood of your studio lighting.

Softbox vs Umbrella

When choosing between a softbox and an umbrella for lighting, consider their unique characteristics. Softboxes provide more control over light direction and often have double diffusion for softer lighting. They can also use grids to further control the light.

Umbrellas are more portable and quick to set up. They spread light everywhere, which is ideal for event and interior photography where even illumination is needed.

Collapsible umbrella softboxes offer the best of both worlds – the performance of a softbox with the portability of an umbrella. They come in various sizes and are great for beginners. Softbox vs umbrella is a common debate, but the best choice depends on your specific needs and preferences.

 

Portable Flash (Speedlights)

What used to be a simple “flashgun” is now a seriously sophisticated lighting accessory. Gone are the days of calculating guide numbers and measuring distance-to-subject. Flash guns send and receive data to and from the camera, adjusting intensity, flash length, and even zoom to match the overall exposure needs. They can be used singly, or in a multi-flash setup. So they are both simple, portable extra lighting, and potentially sophisticated portable studios.

When to Use a Speedlight

Using a flash can make a big difference in your photography. It’s important to know when to use one and when not to. Indoors, using an off-camera flash bounced off the ceiling or wall gives a more natural look compared to the flat, dull result from an on-camera flash.

Outdoors, a flash can fill in underexposed areas when shooting into the sun. At night, a flash lets you freeze motion and create cool effects with light trails. However, avoid using a flash at big events if you’re far from the stage, for candid photography, at concerts, and in most daytime outdoor situations.

To learn more about when to use a flash, this in-depth article provides additional details and examples to help you master this important photography skill.

Tips for Using Speedlights

Learning how to use a flash can improve your photography. A flash provides extra light and exposure options. It also gives you more control over your photos.

Use a flash to minimize shadows and isolate your subject. You can also combine flash with a slow shutter speed to capture motion blur. Flash is useful in low light and with backlighting.

Balance your flash output with your camera settings for natural-looking photos. Bounce the flash off a wall or ceiling to soften the light. You can also use a softbox to diffuse the light. For creative lighting, use your flash off-camera and experiment with the position. If you want to learn more about using a flash, we have a detailed guide that covers everything you need to know.

Portraits with Flash

Using an external flash is a great way to improve your indoor portrait photography. Bouncing the flash off the ceiling or walls can create a more natural, pleasing effect compared to using a direct flash. Experiment with different angles, such as 90°, 120°, or 150° from the subject, to find the best results for your environment.

Pay attention to your camera settings as well. A maximum aperture of f/4 for single subjects and f/7.1 for groups will ensure the entire face is in focus. A shutter speed around 1/50 second allows some ambient light in without risking camera shake. An ISO of 400 provides a good balance between detail and noise.

With these techniques, you can capture well-lit, professional-looking portraits indoors without the need for a studio. To learn more about indoor flash photography, check out this in-depth article.

Flash Brackets

A flash bracket is a device that attaches to your camera, allowing you to position your flash unit at different angles. It’s typically made of metal and fastens to the tripod screw on the bottom of your camera. The flash unit then sits on the bracket via a cold shoe.

Using a flash bracket lets you create more distance between the flash and your camera, as well as change the angle of the light. This can help you achieve more attractive and consistent lighting, reduce red-eye, and minimize harsh shadows. Flash brackets are especially useful for event photographers who often encounter unpredictable lighting conditions and need the flexibility to quickly adjust their flash setup.

If you’re interested in exploring the benefits of using a flash bracket to improve your photography, there are several good options available at various price points. From sturdy and compact models designed for mirrorless and DSLR cameras to professional-grade brackets built for capturing fast-paced action shots, you can find a flash bracket that suits your needs and helps you take your lighting game to the next level.

Flash Diffusers

A flash diffuser is a simple yet effective tool that softens the harsh light from a camera flash. It spreads the light over a larger surface area, creating a more natural-looking effect with gradual transitions between highlights and shadows.

There are several types of flash diffusers available, including dome diffusers, mini softboxes, sphere diffusers, and bounce diffusers. While most built-in camera flashes have a small diffusion panel, using a separate snap-on diffuser will provide better results.

When using a flash diffuser, simply attach it to your flash head and point it towards your subject. For even better results, combine the diffuser with manual flash mode to control the intensity of the light and blend it seamlessly with the scene. To learn more about how a flash diffuser can improve your photography, check out our in-depth guide.

High-Speed Sync

High speed sync (HSS) is a way to use your flash at shutter speeds faster than your camera’s regular sync speed. This allows you to use flash to freeze action or create more natural-looking light indoors.

HSS forces the flash to fire many bursts of light throughout the exposure time, creating an even distribution of light across the sensor. You’ll want to use HSS whenever you need to sync flash with a higher shutter speed than your camera’s native flash sync speed.

To use HSS, you’ll need a flash system that supports it. Position your subject, meter the ambient light, and set your aperture and ISO. Then attach the flash receiver to your camera, activate HSS mode, and adjust the flash power until you have a balanced exposure. High speed sync can help you resolve tricky lighting situations and give you more control over your images.

 

The Hot Shoe

A hot shoe is a square bracket on top of your camera that allows you to attach accessories. It’s a convenient place to mount items like an external flash, constant lights, or a microphone. The hot shoe distributes the weight of the attached accessory to keep your camera stable.

Most mid-to-high-end digital cameras have a hot shoe with metal pins or disks that allow communication between the camera and accessory. For example, when you press the shutter button, it triggers the attached flash. Hot shoes are not universal, so the accessory must be made to work with your specific camera model.

Expanding your camera’s functionality is easy with the many hot shoe accessories available. Covers protect the electronics from moisture and dirt, while remote triggers and tethering devices give you more control. If you want to learn more about the hot shoe, there are plenty of resources available.

Off-Camera Flash

An off camera flash is a powerful tool for improving your photography. It gives you more control over the lighting than a built-in flash.

You can position an off camera flash anywhere, letting you create different tones and emphasize depth. Use it to fill in dark areas, even out sunlight, or highlight parts of your image.

Off camera flashes are great for portraits and fashion photography, both in the studio and on location. With the right techniques, you can make the lighting look natural or use the flash for dramatic effect. To learn more about off camera flash, check out our in-depth guide.

 

Ring Flash

A ring flash is a versatile lighting tool that fits around your camera lens, providing even illumination for various photography genres. It’s especially useful for macro photography, as it helps avoid shadows when shooting close-up subjects. Ring flashes are also popular for portraits, food, fashion, and product photography.

Ring flashes come in different sizes and designs. Some connect directly to your camera, while others are larger and require a separate power source. They can be used as a main light source or as a fill light to bring out subtle details in high-contrast scenes.

If you’re interested in learning more about ring flash photography, there are many affordable options available, from dedicated ring flashes to adapters that work with your existing flash units. With a ring flash in your kit, you’ll have a powerful tool for creating evenly lit, professional-looking images.

TTL Flash

TTL flash is an automatic flash mode that adjusts the flash output based on the camera’s exposure reading. It uses the camera’s built-in metering system and the distance to the subject to determine the right amount of light.

Manual flash mode gives the photographer full control over the flash output. The photographer sets the flash power, measured in fractions like 1/1 (full power) or 1/64. Manual mode is best for situations where you want the most control over the light and the subject-to-flash distance doesn’t change quickly.

TTL is good for moving subjects and beginners, while manual flash often produces better results with more control. Understanding both modes is important for getting the best flash photos. If you want to learn more about TTL flash, check out our full article.

Cool Flash Techniques

Speedlights are versatile tools for creative photography. They’re small and lightweight, making them easy to use on location. You can diffuse the light to make it look natural, or use the hard light to create strong shadows and contrast.

Speedlights are also great for illuminating subjects at night or adding backlight. Try using colored gels or cutting out shapes to project patterns of light. You can even put them inside objects to make them glow from within.

Capture rising steam, smoke, or splashes by using a snoot and setting the flash to low power. This will freeze the motion for sharp details. With some creativity, speedlights can help you tell fascinating stories through silhouettes and creatures made of light. To learn more about flash photography, check out our in-depth guide.

Fill-In Flash

Fill flash is a useful technique for improving portraits in challenging lighting conditions. When the main light source is behind the subject, it can result in a silhouette. Using fill flash helps to light up the subject and remove unwanted shadows.

Before using fill flash, consider if it’s necessary for the shot you want. If you do need it, you have options to control how the light hits the subject, such as having the flash on or off the camera and adjusting its power output.

The key is to use just enough flash to fill in shadows without making the photo look unnatural or overexposed. Experiment with the flash power and position to get the right balance. If you want to learn more about fill flash, there are great resources available to help you master this technique.

Wireless Flash Triggers

A wireless flash trigger allows you to fire an off-camera flash without a physical connection to the camera. This opens up endless creative lighting possibilities for on-location photography. To use a wireless flash trigger, you’ll need a transmitter mounted on your camera and a receiver mounted on the flash.

There are two main types of wireless flash triggers: infrared (IR) and radio. IR triggers are cheaper but require a direct line of sight between the transmitter and receiver. Radio triggers are more expensive but don’t need a direct line of sight, allowing you to place the flash behind objects or your subject.

Once your wireless flash trigger is set up, you can position your off-camera flash at different angles and heights to create various lighting effects. Experiment with different positions and modifiers like umbrellas or softboxes to shape the light. If you want to dive deeper into the world of wireless flash triggers, there are plenty of resources available to help you master this powerful lighting tool.

Photography Lighting for Different Niches

Learning how to control and manipulate light is important in every type of photography. But different niches also have some specific requirements and skills. It’s well worth looking into every aspect when you try your hand at something new.

Natural Light Food Photography

Natural light is a great way to improve your food photography. The first thing to consider is your light source, which is usually a window when shooting indoors. Knowing how you want the final result to look will help you decide how to modify the natural light.

Side lighting from the left often works best, while backlighting can highlight the liquid properties of food. The distance between your light source and subject is also important, as the intensity of light decreases the further away it is.

Using diffusers and reflectors can help you control shadows and direct the light where you want it. Color temperature varies throughout the day, so shooting at the same time can provide consistent results. To learn more about natural light food photography, check out this in-depth guide.

 

Food Photography Artificial Light

Food photography lighting is important for creating beautiful photos. Side lighting is a good approach for most setups. Place your light on the left and use a reflector on the opposite side to control shadows.

Backlighting can make food gleam and highlight texture, but it can be tricky. Place your light behind the food and use reflectors to bounce light onto the front and sides. Avoid low angles or you may capture the light source in the photo.

Side backlighting combines side and backlighting for the best of both. Place your light at an angle between 10:00 and 11:00. This gives surface shine without overexposure. Food photography lighting takes practice, but these one light setups will help you create great photos.

Pet Photography Lighting

Using a single light is a great way to create stunning pet portraits. Position a softbox overhead for a dramatic look, or use frontal lighting for a flattering effect. Experiment with lighting from below for an ominous feel, or place the light to the side for a classic, moody portrait.

LED lights are another option for pet photography. Position them far from your subject to avoid harsh shadows, and try placing them off to the side for storytelling arrangements. Ring lights can also be used to expose every part of your pet while separating them from the background.

Adding gel filters or using small, portable LED panel lights can make your one-light setup even more interesting. With careful consideration of angles, diffusion, and positioning, you can master the art of pet photography lighting setup and create captivating images that beautifully illuminate your furry subjects.

Smartphone Photography Lighting

When taking photos with your phone, natural light is always best. Look for shade under trees or buildings to avoid harsh shadows and blown-out highlights from direct sunlight. Adjust your exposure to save detail in the brightest areas.

The golden hour right after sunrise or before sunset is perfect for portraits that make skin glow. Use the sun’s backlighting to create dramatic silhouettes. Overcast days also provide soft, even light that’s great for portraits.

Indoors, window light can give you nice, diffused light. At night, use artificial light sources like fluorescent, incandescent, or neon lights to set different moods. Avoid mixing light sources with different color temperatures. For creative options in the dark, try using a friend’s phone flash for side lighting, or experiment with long exposures on a tripod. You can learn more about lighting for phone photography to take your images to the next level.

 

Boudoir Photography Lighting

Proper boudoir photography lighting is key to creating timeless, elegant, and sensual images. Natural light from a window can provide a soft and welcoming look, but it can be unpredictable. Shooting outdoors during golden hour or on an overcast day can give you even, flattering light.

In the studio, you have more control. A single continuous light like an octagonal softbox or ring light can fill in shadows and create a natural vignette. Two lights, one in front and one to the side, can provide separation from the background. Three lights in a triangle arrangement can be even more dramatic.

Experiment with color gels on your lights for a unique look. In post-processing, you can enhance the lighting with natural or cross-processed editing styles. Boudoir photography lighting is all about satisfying your client’s needs and adding character to the images.

 

Wedding Photography Lighting

Wedding photography lighting is key to capturing stunning photos of the bride and groom. Backlighting is a favorite technique that makes the bride’s veil and dress glow. Sidelighting creates interesting shadows but watch out for unflattering nose shadows.

Windows provide soft, flattering light but can cause white balance issues in wide shots. A reflector is an easy way to bounce light and fill in shadows on sunny days. Avoid using a bare flash as it creates harsh shadows.

Diffuse or bounce the flash for softer light. Use manual flash settings and balance it with the ambient light using shutter speed and aperture. For more depth and dimension, try wedding photography lighting with an off-camera flash at a 45-degree angle or behind the couple.

Wedding Flash Photography

Using flash at weddings can help balance exposures in bright sunlight. Bounce the flash off ceilings or walls to soften the light on your subjects. You can also use flash creatively to add drama, like placing it behind the couple for a unique effect.

For group photos, put the flash on a pole to evenly light everyone. Check with the venue about flash rules during the ceremony. Outdoors, you may need to adjust your flash to compete with sunlight.

At the reception, pick a spot for portraits and dial in your flash settings. Use a slow shutter with flash for fun dance floor shots. Flash also works well for capturing detail shots of rings, flowers, and decor. Flash photography for weddings is a skill worth mastering.

Product Photography Lighting

Product photography lighting is key to capturing stunning images that showcase your products in the best light. Using studio lights gives you full control over the lighting, allowing you to minimize reflections and ensure realistic colors. Ring lights, softboxes, and continuous lights are popular options for illuminating your products evenly.

Experiment with different lighting arrangements to find what works best for your products. Front lighting is a go-to setup, while overhead lighting can create moody shots. For reflective products, try using two lights at angles to eliminate unwanted reflections. A three-light setup in a triangle formation emphasizes form and separates the product from the background.

No studio lights? Natural window light can also produce soft, even lighting for your product photos. By mastering product photography lighting, you’ll be able to capture jaw-dropping images that showcase your products in the best possible way.

Natural Light Product Photography

Natural light product photography is a simple and affordable way to capture high-quality images. By using sunlight shining through a window and a few basic tools, you can achieve results that rival studio lighting setups.

One popular style is the flat lay, where products are arranged on a solid background and photographed from above. This showcases the product’s shape and texture, especially when paired with soft, golden side lighting. Another technique is using a low depth of field for close-up shots, often seen in jewelry and watch photography.

Outdoor scenic photography can be more challenging due to the difficulty in controlling natural light. Planning and scouting become essential, as the weather, time of day, and sun’s position greatly impact the final image. Adding a diffuser can help soften harsh shadows and create a more appealing look. For a comprehensive guide on natural light product photography, be sure to explore the techniques and tips shared by experienced photographers.

 

Real Estate Photography Lighting

Good lighting is essential for real estate photography. Natural light is the best source, so open the windows and curtains to let the sun in. Choose the best time of day to shoot, usually around midday, and turn off all the lights to avoid color casts.

If natural light produces strong shadows, use a bounced flash to reveal details. Adjust camera settings for the correct exposure, then adjust flash power to affect only the shadows. This will make the main light appear to come from the window for a natural look.

Sometimes light fixtures are a feature of the property. In these cases, turn on the lights and use multiple exposures to capture all the details in the shadows and highlights. Merge the exposures into a single HDR image, but be careful not to overdo the processing and create an unnatural look. To learn more about lighting for real estate photography, check out this in-depth guide.

 

Twilight Real Estate Photography

Twilight real estate photography can add a charming feel to your images and make listings more attractive. To master this technique, start by planning ahead and arriving at least an hour before sunset. Turn on all the property’s lights, both interior and exterior, to create a perfect balance with the fading daylight.

Using a tripod is essential for capturing crisp, sharp images in low light. Wait patiently for the perfect moment when the sky’s light is perfectly balanced with the property’s lights. In the remaining minutes before the sky becomes too dark, move quickly to capture a few more useful shots from different angles.

To reveal details in highlights and shadows, use HDR or layer techniques in post-processing. You can also replace the sky for a more dramatic look, but be sure to do it skillfully for a natural appearance. Finally, color correct lights for a uniform temperature and avoid overprocessing to keep the images realistic. Twilight real estate photography can elevate your portfolio and attract more clients when done right.

Low Key vs High Key for Wildlife Photography

High key wildlife photography involves making your photos as bright and airy as possible. This technique works best when the natural light is flat and bright, often on overcast days. By blowing out the background to white or bright grey, you can create a studio-like effect that draws attention to your subject.

To achieve high key images, use controlled overexposure. Bring everything else in your frame into a perfect or slightly bright exposure. The exact camera settings will vary based on the conditions and your desired outcome. Use aperture priority for static subjects to control depth of field, or shutter priority for moving subjects like flying birds to ensure fast enough shutter speeds for sharpness.

Experiment with exposure compensation to find what works best. If you want to learn more about high key wildlife photography, there are many helpful resources available online.

Club Photography Lighting

Nightclub photography is a fun way to improve your skills. From unique people to exciting performers, you’ll have many subjects to photograph. Use a camera that does well in low light with less noise at high ISO. A lens with a fast aperture like f/2.8 or lower is best to let in more light.

Lighting can vary a lot between shows and venues. Common types are strobes, colored lights, and backlighting. Use burst mode and continuous focus to capture the action. Your ISO may be high and shutter speed low to handle the dim lighting.

Capture the vibe of the night and tell a story through your shots. Be considerate of others and don’t block walkways with bags. Listen to security and stay alert. Editing can help fix difficult lighting. The more you practice, the better you’ll get at club photography.

Neon Light Photography

Neon light photography is a fun and exciting way to capture colorful lights against dark backgrounds. Use a large aperture to let in as much light as possible, and a high ISO to create sharp photos. Including models in your shots can add an interesting element, especially if they wear glasses that reflect the neon lights.

To get the best results, avoid busy places and find quieter locations where you can take your time and experiment. Manually adjust your camera’s white balance to create flattering colors, and shoot in RAW format to preserve image data.

Long exposure techniques can create surreal motion blur effects, while shooting at night will make the neon signs really stand out. Try photographing from different angles to create exciting compositions. If you’d like to learn more about neon light photography, there are many great resources available online.

Tungsten Light Photography

Tungsten light is a warm, artificial light that’s common in homes and on stage. It has a distinct orange or yellow color that can make photos look uneven if not used correctly. But with the right techniques, you can use tungsten light to improve your photography.

Try using tungsten light as a backlight to create a dreamy, surreal look. Or combine it with evening light for a dramatic effect. You can also adjust your white balance to avoid oversaturation and use multiple tungsten lights to create flattering portraits.

Tungsten light is a useful tool for adding warmth and depth to your photos. With some experimentation, you can find creative ways to use it in your photography. To learn more about tungsten light photography, check out this in-depth guide.

Flash for Macro

Macro photography captures tiny details the naked eye can’t see. To get the clearest, most detailed macro shots, you need a good flash. A macro flash provides even lighting and lets you use smaller apertures like f/9 or f/11 to keep your subject in focus.

Ring flashes fit around your lens for soft, even lighting that’s ideal for macro work. You can also use a Speedlite with a softbox modifier for more natural-looking light. Experiment with side and backlighting to emphasize texture and add dimension to your macro photos.

Color gels are an easy way to add creative flair to your macro flash photography. Simply attach them to your flash to transform ordinary subjects into abstract works of art. Flash for macro photography can take your images to the next level, letting you capture stunning detail in even the smallest subjects.

Macro Photography Lighting

Lighting is one of the main challenges in macro photography. Getting the light just right without blocking your subject can be tricky, but with the right techniques and accessories, you can capture stunning macro shots every time.

When shooting outdoors, aim to take photos in the morning when the sun is about 45 degrees overhead. This provides ideal lighting conditions for macro subjects. If you encounter harsh shadows, try using a reflector to bounce light and fill in those unwanted dark areas.

Shooting indoors? Position your subject by a window to take advantage of the soft, diffused natural light. Desk lamps and LED lights are also great options for artificial lighting in macro photography. For even brighter illumination, incorporate a flash unit designed specifically for macro shooting. With a little experimentation, you’ll find the perfect lighting setup to bring your tiny subjects to life. To dive deeper into macro photography lighting, be sure to explore our comprehensive guide.

Choosing the Best Studio Lighting for All Situations

Few of us have the luxury of a fully-fitted studio. Even professionals will have to hire some specialist gear occasionally. But if you choose your niche carefully, you can start to build up an effective setup very quickly. And it doesn’t have to cost the earth.

Studio Lighting Kits

The best photography lighting kits can take your photos to the next level. There are affordable options for beginners and high-end kits for professionals.

Our top pick is the Godox AD200 Pro. It’s a powerful, portable strobe with a maximum output of 200W and a guide number of 60. The AD200 Pro offers HSS up to 1/8000s, TTL metering, and a built-in radio receiver. It’s lightweight and easy to transport for location shoots or studio work.

The AD200 Pro is versatile and compatible with various modifiers like softboxes, snoots, and umbrellas. It’s well-made and simple to use, making it perfect for events, portraits, and product photography. While not cheap, the AD200 Pro is a worthwhile investment for serious photographers.

To learn more about photography lighting kits, we have a detailed guide covering the best options for both beginners and professionals.

Light Stands

Light stands are an essential piece of equipment for photographers who use off-camera lighting. They support flashguns, LED panels, and studio strobes, helping you position lights at the perfect height and angle.

The best light stands are strong yet lightweight. Aluminum is a popular material as it provides good stability without being too heavy. Some stands also use carbon fiber, which is even lighter.

When choosing a light stand, consider the maximum load capacity to ensure it can support your lights safely. The max height is also important, especially if you want to create overhead lighting. Portable light stands are great for location shoots, while C-stands with boom arms offer more versatility in the studio. If you want to learn more about light stands, this article provides an in-depth look at the best light stands available.

LED Lights

LED lights are a great option for photographers looking to improve their lighting setup. They offer adjustable brightness and color temperature, allowing you to create the perfect mood for your shots. Many LED lights are also portable and easy to use, making them a good choice for shooting on location.

When choosing LED lights for photography, consider the size and shape that will work best for your needs. LED strip lights are a popular option for adding creative lighting effects, while LED panels provide even, continuous lighting for portraits and other shots. Ring lights are another good choice, especially for vlogging and selfies.

No matter what type of photography you do, there are LED lights that can help you get the shots you want. With so many options available, it’s easy to find LED lights for photography that fit your budget and shooting style.

 

LED Panels

LED light panels are a great lighting tool for photography and video. They give you a wide range of brightness options to suit your subject. The best LED light panels also come with useful accessories to maximize your results.

The Neewer USB LED light panel set is an excellent choice. You get two panels, two tripods, and eight color filters. This gives you a complete lighting kit at an affordable price.

Each panel has 66 LED beads to provide good illumination. You can adjust the brightness from 10 to 100% to get the perfect lighting. The color filters allow you to get creative with your lighting setup.

LED light panels like these are ideal for photographers, content creators, and streamers. If you want to learn more about led light for photography, there are plenty of in-depth guides available online.

Lighting Modifiers

Lighting modifiers are essential tools for photographers. They give you more control over light, allowing you to achieve the exact look you want in your photos.

There are several types of lighting modifiers, each with its own unique benefits. Reflectors and diffusers help soften and spread light evenly across your subject. Softboxes and beauty dishes provide a broad, flattering light that’s perfect for portraits.

Color gels and filters let you change the tone and mood of your lighting. And scrims and umbrellas are great for illuminating larger spaces. With the right lighting modifiers, you can take your photography to the next level. Lighting modifiers are a must-have for any serious photographer.

Light Boxes

A light box is an essential tool for product photography. It provides bright, even lighting that highlights your products’ features and draws attention to them. The best light boxes are easy to set up and use, and come with adjustable brightness levels for the perfect shot every time.

Look for a light box that’s the right size for your products. If you’ll be traveling to clients, choose one that’s lightweight and portable. Some light boxes allow you to shoot from above or through a narrow front aperture, which is great for reflective objects.

Most light boxes include their own lights, but check if they’re dimmable for more control. Different colored backdrops can also be useful, but avoid shiny materials that may cause unwanted reflections. With the right light box for photography, you’ll be taking professional-quality product photos in no time.

 

Light Tents

A light tent is a mini studio for product photography. It provides a clean, professional setting to capture high-quality images of your products.

Light tents come in various sizes to accommodate different product types. Some include built-in lighting, while others require external lights. Portable, foldable options are great for photographers on the go.

To get the best results, use a tripod and experiment with angles. Try different backgrounds to change the mood of your photos. Investing in accessories like a remote, flexible tripod, and gel filters can elevate your product photography. A light tent is an essential tool for any product photographer looking to create professional, eye-catching images.

DIY Light Box

Creating a DIY light box is an easy way to achieve professional-looking product photos without spending a lot of money. You can make a light box using a cardboard box, baking parchment or wax paper, aluminum foil, and a white sheet of paper. Cut holes in the sides of the box and cover them with wax paper to diffuse the light, then use aluminum foil on the flaps to reflect light into the box.

If you need to shoot at night, you can make a compact LED light box using an acrylic sheet or white cardboard and an LED light strip. Fold the box according to the template, attach the LED strip, and set up a white background inside.

Another option is to use a translucent white storage box and two speedlights. Place the box on its side, put a white sheet of paper inside for the background, and position your product. Sync the speedlights with your camera and you’re ready to shoot. Making your own DIY light box is a great way to improve your product photography on a budget.

Reflectors

The best reflectors for photography give you more control over light, allowing you to achieve the perfect lighting for your photos. They can be used in studios or on location to redirect artificial lights or manipulate natural light. Light reflectors are popular with portrait, food, product, fine art, and fashion photographers.

The Neewer 5-in-1 circular light reflector is a versatile piece of equipment with five reflective surfaces: white, black, gold, silver, and translucent. Its large surface area reflects plenty of light, so you can work with natural light or use just one studio light. The reflector is lightweight, easy to use, and folds down into a handy carry case, making it portable for shooting on location.

Whether you’re shooting tightly cropped portraits or wider environmental shots, small products or cars, there’s a reflector size to suit your needs. Smaller reflectors are more portable and can fit in your camera bag, while larger ones are best for studio use. With the right reflector, you can remove unwanted shadows, balance light in a portrait, and create the atmosphere you want. Reflectors for photography are a game-changer for creative photographers looking to take their lighting to the next level.

Choosing the Best Flash Gun and Accessories

There really is a flashgun for every budget. You can find simple no-nonsense ones, or hugely sophisticated ones. With the better flashguns you can set up multi-flash portable studios. Using flash is a skill, as it can be easy to ruin a photo with bad flash. Luckily, this gets less likely with modern speedlights.

The Best Speedlights

Choosing the right flashgun can be tricky. There are many advantages to using one, and some types of photography are almost impossible without a flash. The best flashgun for you will depend on your needs, budget, and camera brand.

Our top pick is the Godox V860III-S. It packs TTL, HSS, and a rechargeable battery into a great-value package. This powerful flash offers a fast recycling time and high-power output for stunning results.

If you’d like to learn more about flashguns, we have a detailed guide that covers everything you need to know. From the different types of flashguns to how to use them effectively, our guide has you covered.

Flash Diffusers

A flash diffuser is an essential tool for softening harsh light from your camera’s flash. It helps reduce shadows and creates more even illumination across your subject. This is especially important for portrait, product, and food photography.

The best flash diffusers come in different shapes and sizes. Softbox diffusers attach to your flash and provide directional light control. Dome diffusers spread light in all directions for a softer effect. Reflector diffusers bounce light off their surface, while flash cap diffusers fit directly over the flash.

Choosing the right flash diffuser depends on your photography needs. Look for one that’s compatible with your flash, easy to use, and delivers the lighting effects you want. Flash diffusers are an affordable way to greatly improve your flash photography.

DIY Diffusers

You can make your own DIY speedlight modifiers using common household items. Silicone kitchen accessories like collapsible cups and funnels work great as color filters and snoots. Baking paper wrapped around the front of your speedlight softens the light.

Steel wool balls from the cleaning aisle make fantastic flash diffusers. Pringles chip cans can be turned into snoots or barn doors for precise lighting control. Translucent poster storage tubes become light-shaping tools when combined with a convex mirror or aluminum foil.

Disposable plastic bowls are an easy way to create a DIY beauty dish. By combining a deep bowl, a smaller salad bowl, bolts, and nuts, you can build a modifier that produces fantastic light similar to expensive commercial beauty dishes. Speedlight modifiers are a great way to add versatility and creativity to your photography lighting setup.

 

DIY Diffuser for Macro

A DIY flash diffuser is a simple yet effective tool for macro photography. It softens harsh light from your camera’s built-in flash, creating more even and flattering lighting on small subjects.

To make one, you’ll need white paper, tape, scissors, and a hollow tube like a Pringles can. Cut the tube to match your lens length, leaving one side slightly longer to direct light downward. Tape a folded piece of white paper to the tube, creating a smooth curved surface.

Attach the diffuser securely to your pop-up flash, and you’ll see a significant improvement in your macro lighting. This cheap and easy project can take your macro photos to the next level, providing balanced illumination for more professional-looking results. For a detailed guide on diy flash diffuser construction and usage, check out this in-depth article.

Softboxes

The best softbox for speedlights can transform portable gear into a foldout studio. A softbox diffuses the light from your flash, creating a softer, more flattering light that’s ideal for portrait photography.

There are many options when it comes to softboxes, but we think the Triopo KS55 Portable Softbox is the best choice. It offers studio results at a great price and has a strong, adjustable design. The Neewer Octagonal Softbox is another top pick, with its wide 45″ surface that spreads light well.

For a compact kit, the Godox AK-R1 Dome Diffuser Kit is a great choice. It softens light for natural-looking illumination and has a convenient magnetic mounting system. To learn more about the best softboxes for speedlights, check out our in-depth guide.

Best Canon Speedlights

The Canon Speedlite 600EX II-RT is a powerful and reliable flash for Canon cameras. It offers wireless shooting through radio and optical transmitters, allowing you to control up to five groups of flashes. The 600EX II-RT also boasts solid weatherproofing abilities, making it suitable for various shooting conditions.

If you’re looking for a more affordable option, the Hahnel Modus 600RT MK II Wireless is a great choice. It offers fast refresh speeds and is powered by an Extreme Li-Ion Battery. The Modus 600RT MK II also comes with a quick-lock hot shoe and an ultra-compact USB-powered charger.

For those on a tight budget, the Canon Speedlite 430EX III-RT is a solid pick. It features fast recycling times, simple controls, and a small body for photographers who prefer compact equipment. The 430EX III-RT also includes settings that enhance the subject’s facial expression. To learn more about the best flash for canon, check out our in-depth guide.

Best Nikon Speedlights

When choosing the best flash for your Nikon camera, consider your needs and budget. The Nikon SB-5000 is a top choice for professionals, with a lightweight body, fast recycle speed, and excellent build quality. It also has built-in radio control for off-camera use.

For a more affordable option, the Nikon SB-700 is a great mid-level flash. It has a respectable guide number of 92 ft (28 m) and includes high-speed sync and first and second curtain sync.

Beginners on a budget will appreciate the Nikon SB-500, which doubles as an LED video light. It’s lightweight and has a guide number of 78.7 ft (24 m). To learn more about the best flash for Nikon cameras, check out our in-depth guide.

Best Sony Speedlights

The Godox V860III-S is a powerful flashgun with professional settings and modes. It has manual and auto settings, HSS, and other flash modes. The modeling light lets you see how your shot will look with 10 brightness levels.

The quick-charge Li-ion battery allows 480 full-power flashes. It has a recycle time of 1.5 seconds, which may not be as fast as more expensive flashes. But it’s a great choice if you don’t need faster speeds.

The Godox V860III-S is the best Sony flashgun thanks to its high power and amazing price. If you want to learn more about flashes for sony, there are many great options to explore.

Godox V860II Review

The Godox V860II flash and X1T transmitter offer powerful features at a budget-friendly price. With a guide number of 60m at ISO 100, the V860II delivers strong performance. It has a flexible zoom range of 24-200mm, extendable to 14mm.

The V860II is great for portraits, macro, and product photography. It supports TTL solutions from major manufacturers and High-Speed Sync. The built-in Li-ion battery provides long life and fast recycle times.

The X1T transmitter can control flashes in three groups across 32 channels. It has a reliable 2.4GHz signal with a 100-meter range. For those interested in learning more about the godox v860ii, it’s a capable and affordable option for serious lighting setups.

Profoto A1 Review

The Profoto A1 is a powerful hot shoe flash that offers professional-level features in a compact package. It has a round head that produces a soft, smooth light with a natural fall-off. The A1 also boasts quick recycling times, allowing you to capture action shots with ease.

One of the standout features of the A1 is its built-in AirTTL technology, which lets you control the flash wirelessly from your camera. You can also switch to manual mode with a simple flick of a switch. The A1’s integrated modeling light ensures accurate skin tones, while the LED display makes it easy to adjust settings.

The Profoto A1 is lightweight and portable, making it a great choice for on-location shoots. It comes with a range of accessories, including a diffuser and a carrying bag. While it’s one of the most expensive hot shoe flashes on the market, its versatility and performance make it a worthwhile investment for professional photographers. To learn more about the profoto a1, check out our in-depth review.

Profoto B10 Review

The Profoto B10 is a powerful and versatile flash that packs the power of 10 speedlights into a compact, portable package. It’s easy to use and works with most cameras, including Canon, Nikon, and Sony models.

One of the standout features of the B10 is its ability to be controlled wirelessly via your iPhone using the Profoto app. This eliminates the need for a remote or relying entirely on the camera. The B10 also has TTL built-in, allowing you to control the flash through your camera for accurate exposures.

The continuous light feature can change temperature for cinema use and drains the battery less than many equivalent products. The battery charges quickly and lasts long enough for most shoots. If you want to learn more about the profoto b10, there’s plenty of additional information available.

Best Ringflashes

A ringflash is a must-have tool for macro photographers. It clips onto the end of your lens, providing even lighting and removing harsh shadows. This allows you to capture stunning close-up shots of insects, flowers, and other small subjects.

Ringflashes also give you more freedom with your camera settings. The extra light lets you use narrower apertures for a deeper depth of field. And you can use faster shutter speeds to avoid motion blur when shooting moving subjects.

The Godox MF-R76 Macro LED Ring Flash Speedlite is our top pick. It has a hot shoe connector for easy setup and comes with eight adapter rings to fit most lenses. The dual flash tubes and 10 brightness levels give you full control over your lighting. Ringflashes are an essential accessory for any serious macro photographer.

Choosing Lighting for Video

One of the reasons LED lights are increasingly popular is that many photographers shoot stills and video. And a studio strobe is no good for video. But an LED will work for both genres. LEDs are also much less prone to heating up the studio area in the way that old incandescent lights do. And they are often adjustable for color as well as intensity.

Video Lights

Video lights are an essential tool for photographers and videographers. They provide continuous illumination, allowing you to capture high-quality footage in various settings. When choosing a video light, consider factors like brightness, color temperature, and portability.

The Neewer CN-160 is a great option for those needing a compact light that attaches directly to their camera. It features 160 LED lights with adjustable brightness and comes with filters for different lighting effects. The Rotolight NEO 2 is another excellent choice, offering both continuous light and high-speed sync flash capabilities in a lightweight, portable design.

For accurate color reproduction, the Aputure Amaran MC is a top pick. This small but mighty light offers a wide range of colors and special effects, making it perfect for creative shoots. It also features built-in magnets and a variety of control options for easy use. Video lights are a valuable addition to any photographer or videographer’s kit, providing the illumination needed to create stunning visuals.

Video Ring Lights

Ring lights provide smooth, consistent lighting that’s hard to achieve with other lights. They eliminate unwanted shadows and bring a twinkle to the eyes. This makes them perfect for selfies, vlogs, and live streams.

The Sensyne Ring Light with Tripod is the best ring light available. It has three color temperatures and 10 brightness settings for excellent lighting control. The sturdy tripod keeps it stable, and the Bluetooth shutter remote makes shooting easy.

Whether you’re shooting portraits, makeup tutorials, or product photos, a ring light will help you get professional results at an affordable price.

 

Lights for TikTok

TikTok lights are a great way to improve your social media videos. Ring lights give you soft, even lighting that removes shadows from your face. They also make your eyes sparkle, which is perfect for makeup tutorials and vlogs.

LED strip lights let you get creative with your TikTok videos. You can set any mood with different colors and lighting effects. Some strip lights can even sync with music, flashing and pulsing to the beat.

The Inkeltech ring light is the best option for most TikTokers. It comes with everything you need, including a tripod, remote, and carry case. Tiktok lights are an important investment if you want to take your videos to the next level and attract more viewers.

Lighting for Zoom Calls

Choosing the best lighting for Zoom calls is important. Having the right lighting can make a big difference in how you look on camera. It can also help you make a good impression during online meetings or job interviews.

Our top pick is the Lume Cube 18-inch Ring Light Kit. Its large size provides soft, flattering light. The adjustable color temperature lets you match the ambient light in your room. And the built-in power supply means you don’t need extra batteries.

The kit includes a sturdy tripod and mounts for your phone or camera. This makes it easy to set up and use. If you want to learn more about lighting for Zoom calls, there are many helpful tips and tricks available online.

Lume Cube LED Review

The Lume Cube 2.0 is a tiny but powerful LED light that’s perfect for photographers on the go. It’s only 1.6 inches square, but it puts out an impressive amount of light with a true daylight-balanced 5600K color temperature and 95+ CRI. This minimizes the need for color correction in post-processing.

You can control the Lume Cube 2.0 from your smartphone up to 60 feet away, and it has a low light output mode for night photography. It’s great for lighting wedding cakes, table settings, or even quick portraits. Vloggers and self-portrait photographers can attach it to their phone for flattering, professional-looking light.

The Lume Cube 2.0 has better output than the previous version, plus new icons and buttons for easier use. It has great battery life and charges via USB-C. While it’s a bit pricey for its size and the waterproofing isn’t as good as before, it’s still a handy light to have in your camera bag. If you’d like to learn more about the lume cube, there’s an in-depth review available.

Editing to Improve Your Lighting

If you get the lighting wrong in your photos, it is sometimes possible to repair it with editing. Or you might have a creative idea about lighting that you can apply later with software. We’ve collected some ideas together for you.

Lighting Adjustments in Photoshop

Adjusting lighting in Photoshop can greatly improve your images. Start by duplicating the background layer to keep the original unaltered. Then choose an adjustment layer like Levels, Curves, Brightness/Contrast, or Exposure to make changes.

Use the Dodge and Burn tools to lighten or darken specific areas. The Sponge tool lets you saturate or desaturate colors. Blend modes like Multiply, Screen, and Overlay can further enhance your image.

If you want to hide adjustments in certain areas, use a layer mask and paint over them with a black brush. Save your adjustments as presets for quick use in the future. To learn more about adjusting lighting, check out this in-depth guide.

Photoshop Lighting Effects

You can create cool lighting effects in Photoshop to improve dull photos. One way is to layer different images together to intensify light trails. This works well for boat light trails which are slower than car trails.

Another method is to use the paintbrush tool to draw a light path. Customize the brush settings, paint your path, then add glow effects. You can add more streaks for a dramatic look.

Luminosity masks and the gradient tool are also useful for selectively brightening parts of your image. Experiment with curves, solid colors, and light rays for creative results. With these Photoshop techniques, you can easily adjust lighting in your photos. To learn more about lighting effects in Photoshop, check out this in-depth article.

Photography Lighting Courses and Books

Maybe this article has piqued your interest in learning even more about lighting and how to improve your skills. Great, there are lots of resources out there for you to look at.

Photography Lighting Courses

Lighting is a critical skill that separates professional photographers from amateurs. SLR Lounge’s ‘Lighting 3 – Advanced Off-Camera Flash’ is the best photography lighting course available. It teaches creative ways to light subjects, resulting in eye-catching photos.

The course also covers taste, creative vision, and critical thinking in photography. Presented by respected photographer and educator Pye Jirsa, it’s entertaining and informative. At 8 hours long, it’s comprehensive and suitable for advanced photographers looking to take their skills to the next level.

If you’re interested in learning more about photography lighting courses, there are many great options available to help you master the art of lighting and take your photography to new heights.

LIT eBook Review

The LIT ebook is a collection of 52 lighting setups from top wedding photographers. It’s structured like a recipe book, giving you step-by-step instructions to create beautifully lit wedding photos.

Each section explains the concept behind the shot and how to execute it. You’ll learn the camera settings, light modifications, and how to direct the subjects. The photographer also shares their post-production approach.

The ebook contains amazing example images and helpful sketches of the lighting setups. If you’d like to learn more about the LIT ebook, it’s a great resource for wedding photographers or anyone looking to improve their lighting skills.

Phil Steele

Phil Steele’s “Advanced Off-Camera Flash Photography” is a comprehensive video course that teaches you how to master flash photography. It covers everything from choosing the right gear to advanced lighting techniques.

The course is full of valuable content and shows multiple photoshoots in high detail. Phil is very accurate in teaching lighting and modifying light. He also recommends low-cost gear options, so you don’t have to break the bank to get started.

By the end of the course, you’ll know how to replicate natural light with flash and create pro-level images. If you want to learn more about off-camera flash photography, this course is a great place to start.

SLR Lounge Lighting 3 Review

SLR Lounge’s Lighting 3 is an advanced course on multi-point lighting setups using off-camera flashes and strobes. It covers a wide range of lighting techniques, from rim lighting and starbursts to motion effects and double exposures.

The course includes 32 episodes totaling 8 hours of content. Raw files are provided so you can follow along with the editing process. Pye Jirsa, the instructor, uses a logical approach to teach specific lighting “recipes” that will help your photos stand out.

If you want to take your lighting skills to the next level, Lighting 3 is an excellent choice. It’s a well-produced, comprehensive course that provides great value for the price.

SLR Lounge Lighting 4 Review

Lighting 4 from SLR Lounge teaches how to create natural-looking lighting using artificial sources like flashes and strobes. The course has 19 lessons totaling around 6 hours. It’s designed for aspiring professionals and motivated amateurs who already have a firm understanding of camera settings, lighting patterns, modifiers, color, and power.

The lessons are like recipes, providing tested solutions for different lighting patterns. Pye Jirsa, the instructor, explains each setup from start to finish and provides sketches to clarify the configurations. RAW files are available for download so you can follow along and experiment.

While the course is well-produced and informative, you’ll need some serious gear to follow along, such as multiple flashes, triggers, softboxes, and stands. If you want to learn how to simulate natural light using your own equipment, Lighting 4 is a great choice.